不同水平饲粮纤维对肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数和血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of alfalfa meal and corn distillers dried grains at different levels on growth performance,immunologic organ indexes and blood metabolites of broilers

作　　者：岳磊[1] 牛晋国 李亚妮 李培峰[1] 任毅菲 YUE Lei;NIU Jinguo;LI Yani;LI Peifeng;REN Yifei(College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030032,China;Shanxi College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科学学院,山西太原030032 [2]山西省畜牧兽医学校,山西太原030024

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2022年第5期34-39,共6页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：山西省农业科学院重点项目(YGG1609,YGG17093);山西农业大学项目(YCX2021XZZX1);山西省重点研发项目(201803D221023-1)。

摘　　要：为了研究日粮中添加不同水平饲粮纤维(苜蓿草粉与玉米酒糟等比例混合物)对肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数和血清生化指标的影响,选取1日龄科宝肉鸡120只,基础日粮饲喂至7日龄(预试期),根据体重相近分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮里分别添加2%(Ⅰ组)、4%(Ⅱ组)和6%(Ⅲ组)的饲粮纤维,正试期35 d。结果:与对照组相比,试验组的平均日采食量(除Ⅲ组外)和料重比差异极显著(P<0.01),Ⅰ组的平均日增重和末重差异不显著(P>0.05),Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组差异极显著(P<0.01),且各组日均采食量与纤维添加量呈二次相关,末重、日增重、料重比与纤维添加量呈显著线性和二次相关(P<0.05);试验组免疫器官指数差异不显著(P>0.05),法氏囊指数有升高的趋势;Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的总蛋白、白蛋白、总抗氧化能力极显著升高(P<0.01),试验组尿素、尿酸极显著降低(P<0.01),Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组的甘油三酯、葡萄糖、丙二醛极显著降低(P<0.01),Ⅲ组的碱性磷酸酶极显著升高(P<0.01),且所测血清生化指标(除胆固醇外)与纤维水平添加量呈显著线性和二次相关(P<0.05)。因此,饲粮中添加适量的饲粮纤维能促进肉鸡采食,降低血脂及血糖,一定程度上改善肉鸡的生长性能和血清生化指标。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of adding different levels of crude fiber in the diet on the growth performance,the immune organ indexes and blood biochemical indicators of broilers.One hundred and twenty commercial Cobb broilers at one day of age were selected and fed for seven days with basic diet.Based on their weight proximity,the boilers were divided into a control group and three treatment groups with 3 repeats in each group,and 10 broilers in each replicate.The control group was fed with basic diet,GroupsⅠ,Ⅱ,andⅢwere fed with a test diet supplemented with 1%,2%,and 3%,respectively,of alfalfa meal and DDGS mixed at the the same ratio.The test period was 35 days.The results showed as follows:(1)Compared with the control group,the average daily feed intake(except GroupⅢ)and the feed-to-weight ratio of the tested broilers were increased significantly differently(P<0.01),the average daily gain and final weight were not significantly different in GroupⅠ(P>0.05),but there was significant difference in GroupⅡandⅢ(P<0.01).The average daily food intake in each group of the broilers was quadratically correlated with different fiber addition amounts,and the final weight,the average daily gain and food/weight were significantly linearly and quadratically associated with fiber addition amounts in the diet of the broilers(P<0.05).(2)The difference in the immune organ index of the treatment groups were not significant(P>0.05),but a tendency of increase on the Bursa index.(3)The total protein,albumin,and total antioxidant capacity of GroupsⅡandⅢwere increased significantly(P<0.01).The ureaand uric acid capacity of the treatment groups were decreased significantly(P<0.01).The triglyceride and glucose malondialdehyde of Group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were reduced significantly(P<0.01).The alkaline phosphatase of GroupⅢwas increased significantly.And there were significantly linear and quadratic correlations between the biochemical indices of the tested contents and the levels fiber addition amount(P

关 键 词：肉鸡 苜蓿草粉 玉米酒糟 生长性能 免疫器官指数 血液生化指标 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]