节理岩体爆破振动传播衰减规律相似模型试验研究  

Study on Propagation Attenuation Law of Blasting Vibration in Jointed Rock Mass by Similarity Model Test

作　　者：李继业 康强 赵明生[2] 王园园 LI Ji-ye;KANG Qiang;ZHAO Ming-sheng;WANG Yuan-yuan(The fourth Engineering Co.,Ltd.,of CCCC First Highway Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530003,China;Poly Xinlian Blasting Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550002,China;College of Civil and Transportation Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 839202,China;Guizhou Polytechnic of Construction,Guiyang 551499,China)

机构地区：[1]中交一公局第四工程有限公司,南宁530003 [2]保利新联爆破工程集团有限公司,贵阳550002 [3]河海大学土木与交通学院,南京839202 [4]贵州建设职业技术学院,贵阳551499

出　　处：《爆破》2022年第2期30-35,74,共7页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52064003);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合成果[2020]2Y049)。

摘　　要：节理对于爆破振动传播衰减规律具有显著的影响,相关研究对于爆破振动控制具有重要意义。采用水泥石膏材料制作岩石相似模型试件,采用云母片模拟充填节理,以单发雷管作为爆源产生爆破振动信号,采用TC-4850监测入射波与出射波爆破振动速度。测试了选用的水泥石膏材料配方的力学性能,包括单轴抗压强度、抗拉强度、弹性模量、泊松比、内聚力、内摩擦角,测得的力学参数与石灰石的相似比约为20。试验中设置的条件包括:1~3条节理三种节理数量条件,20°、40°、60°三种节理倾角条件。基于试验的入射波与出射波振动数据,对比分析了不同条件下爆破振动的强度与衰减率的变化情况,试验结果表明:相比完整模型爆破振速数据,节理前方入射波区域存在爆破振动的放大现象,节理后方的出射波区域存在爆破振动衰减的增大现象;爆破振速衰减随着节理数量的增大而增大但是增幅较小;爆破振速衰减随着节理倾角的增大而减小且变化幅度显著;水平轴向与垂直方向的爆破振速变化具有相同的规律与一致的变化幅值。Joint has significant influence on propagation and attenuation of blasting vibration,and relevant research is of great significance for blasting vibration control.In this paper,cement gypsum material was used to make rock similarity model specimen,mica sheet was used to simulate filling joints,single detonator was used as the detonation source to generate blasting vibration signal,and TC-4850 was used to monitor the blasting vibration velocity of incident and exiting waves.The mechanical properties of the selected cement gypsum material were tested,including uniaxial compressive strength,tensile strength,elastic modulus,Poisson ratio,cohesive,internal friction angle.The similarity ratio between the mechanical parameters and limestone was about 20.The conditions set in the test include:1~3 joints as three joint quantity conditions and 20°,40°,60°joint angles as three joint dip angle conditions.Based on the vibration data of incident wave and outgoing wave,the changes of blasting vibration intensity and attenuation rate under different conditions were compared and analyzed.The experimental results show that compared with the blasting vibration velocity data of the complete model,the blasting vibration amplifies in the incident wave region in front of the joint,and the blasting vibration attenuation increases in the outgoing wave region behind the joint.The attenuation of blasting vibration velocity increases with the increase of the number of joints,but the increase is small.However,the attenuation of blasting vibration velocity decreases with the increase of the joint inclination angle,and the variation amplitude is significant.The variation of blasting vibration velocity in horizontal axial direction and vertical direction has the same law and the same change amplitude.

关 键 词：爆破振动 岩石节理 模型试验 衰减规律 

分 类 号：TD235.1[矿业工程—矿井建设]