硬岩隧道全断面开挖掏槽爆破参数优化  

Optimization of Cutting Blasting Parameters for Full Face Excavation of Hard Rock Tunnel

作　　者：张万志 徐帮树 葛颜慧 李嘉庚 魏文义 ZHANG Wan-zhi;XU Bang-shu;GE Yan-hui;LI Jia-geng;WEI Wen-yi(School of Transportation and Civil Engineering,Shandong Jiaotong University,Jinan 250357,China;School of Qilu Transportationg,Shandong University,Jinan 250000,China;China Railway 21st Bureau Group Rail Transit Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东交通学院交通土建工程学院,济南250357 [2]山东大学齐鲁交通学院,济南250000 [3]中铁二十一局集团轨道交通工程有限公司,济南250000

出　　处：《爆破》2022年第2期94-99,共6页Blasting

基　　金：山东交通学院基金项目(50004955)。

摘　　要：硬岩隧道全断面掏槽开挖对控制掏槽腔体大小、掌子面平整度及拱底欠挖要求较高。依托寨山隧道洞身Ⅲ级硬岩全断面开挖,采用现场试验、问题分析和经验公式的方法,提出了掏槽眼爆破参数的优化方法。从扩展掏槽腔体积的角度,主掏槽面域内自上而下增设复式掏槽短眼4对,主掏槽眼深度扩展为3.8 m,主、复式掏槽短眼孔底间距减小为0.3 m;从岩石炸药单耗、爆破破岩负担体积的角度,确定了主掏槽眼最大单孔装药量为3.0 kg。结果表明:采用优化掏槽参数,爆后硬岩掌子面光滑、底面平整、岩堆块石尺寸合理。掏槽整体炸药单耗减小约4.5%。The full face excavation of hard rock tunnel has high requirements for controlling the volume of cutting cavity,the smoothness of tunnel face and the under-excavation of bottom.Based on the full face excavation of classⅢhard rock of Zhaishan tunnel,the optimization blasting parameters of cutting holes was put forward by using the methods of field test,problem analysis and empirical formula.From the perspective of expanding the volume of cutting cavity,four pairs of compound-term short cutting holes were added in the main cutting area from top to bottom,the depth of the long cutting holes was expanded to 3.8 m,and the distances between the bottom of the compound-term long and short cutting holes were reduced to 0.3 m.Considering powder factor of rock blasting and rock breaking volume,the maximum single hole charge of the long cutting holes was determined to be 3.0kg.The results show that after blasting excavation,the hard rock face is smooth,the bottom is flat and the sizes of rocks are reasonable by using the optimized cutting parameters.The powder factor of the overall cutting blasting is decreased by about 4.5%.

关 键 词：隧道工程 硬岩 全断面 掏槽爆破 爆破参数优化 

分 类 号：U451[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]