康熙《皇舆全览图》中的黑龙江水系考证  

Heilongjiang River System in Huangyu Quan Lan Tu in Kangxi Reign

作　　者：杨丽婷 YANG Li-ting(Institute of Water Culture,Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江水利水电学院水文化研究所,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《浙江水利水电学院学报》2022年第2期12-16,共5页Journal of Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目(17YJC770038)。

摘　　要：清初的黑龙江是中国的一条内河,也是清朝东北支流中最为丰富的水系。诸多清代舆图绘示了黑龙江南北两岸的情况,其中康熙《皇舆全览图》是最早详细绘示黑龙江水系众多支流的一个。《皇舆全览图》中所录属于清朝境内的黑龙江水系支流共85条,对部分左岸(今属俄罗斯境内)可考支流进行考证,可以发现许多黑龙江支流现在的俄语名称读音与清朝文献中的满、汉语名称相似。康熙《皇舆全览图》对黑龙江各支流的绘示总体上准确而全面,其对黑龙江水系的详细标注反映了清朝政府已经对黑龙江流域有了深入的了解,而清朝政府对黑龙江流域的认识是一个循序渐进的过程。In the early Qing Dynasty,Heilongjiang River was China s inland river and the most abundant water system in northeastern.Many maps in the Qing Dynasty showed the stuff on both the north and south banks of Heilongjiang River,among which Imperial Atlas of China in Kangxi Reign was the first to illustrate tributary system in detail.According to the book,there were 85 tributaries in Heilongjiang river system in the Qing Dynasty.Through textual research on some tributaries of the left bank(now part of Russia),it can be found that the Russian names of many tributaries of Heilongjiang River are similar to manchu and Chinese names in Qing Dynasty documents.The maps of these tributaries in Huangyu Quan Lan Tu in Kangxi Reign were relatively precise and comprehensive,which also reflects the overall understanding on Heilongjiang Basin by Qing government as a progressive procedure.

关 键 词：康熙《皇舆全览图》 黑龙江水系 清代东北 

分 类 号：K928.42[历史地理—人文地理学]