种子集成处理对玉米抗低温及病虫害防治效果研究  

Effects of Integrated Seed Treatment on Low Temperature Resistance and Disease-Insect Pest Control in Maize

作　　者：徐婷[1] 王俊强[1] 曲忠诚[1] 韩业辉[1] 周超[1] 许健[1] 高盼[1] 谭可菲[1] XU Ting;WANG Jun-qiang;QU Zhong-cheng;HAN Ye-hui;ZHOU Chao;XU Jian;GAO Pan;TAN Ke-fei(Qiqihar Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161006,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2022年第6期43-48,共6页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家玉米产业技术体系(CARS-02-046);黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划(GA20B102-06);齐齐哈尔市科技局创新激励项目(CNYGG-2020032)。

摘　　要：针对黑龙江省玉米春季播种时,极易发生“倒春寒”现象,导致玉米萌发期及苗期受到低温冷害,造成缺苗或幼苗生长受害,从而导致玉米减产等问题。本文利用玉米种子包衣技术,在种衣剂中添加生物诱抗剂,通过提前10 d播种,展开低温胁迫下不同种子集成处理对玉米出苗、幼苗生长、病虫害防治情况、玉米产量及其构成因素影响的研究。结果表明:低温胁迫下T3[每100 kg种子用35%噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂300 g+4%精甲霜灵·咯菌腈种子处理悬浮剂100 g+60 g·L^(-1)戊唑醇悬浮种衣剂100 g+抗性诱导剂2 g+红色金美粒(成膜剂)300 g]处理能有效增加玉米出苗率,缩短生育期,增加玉米幼苗株高、茎粗、叶面积、叶绿素含量及干物质含量,增加玉米产量,病虫害发病率低。说明通过在种衣剂中添加诱抗剂的集成处理可有效缓解低温对幼苗生长的抑制作用,较好地防治病虫害,提高玉米抗低温能力,促进植株生长发育,提高玉米产量。In view of the phenomenon of‘cold in spring’when maize is sown in spring in Heilongjiang Province,the phenomenon of‘cold spring’is very likely to occur,resulting in low temperature and chilling damage during the germination and seedling stages of maize,resulting in lack of seedlings and damage to the growth of seedlings,induces maize yield reduction and other problems.In this paper,maize seed coating technology was used to combine low temperature resistance with disease-insect pest control at the seedling stage of maize,and biological resists were added to the seed coating.We researched on the control of diseases and insect pests and the influence of maize yield and its constituent factors.The results showed that under low temperature stress,T3 treatment[300 g of 35%thiamethoxam suspension seed coating agent+100 g of 4%metalaxyl·fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent+100 g of 60 g·L^(-1) tebuconazole suspension seed coating agent+2 g of resistance inducer+300 g of red golden powder(film former)for each 100 kg seed]effectively increased the emergence rate of maize,shortened the growth period,increased the plant height,stem diameter,leaf area,chlorophyll content and dry matter content of maize seedlings,increased maize yield,and reduced the incidence of diseases and insect pests.It showed that the integrated treatments of seeds with resistance inducers in seed coating agen could effectively alleviate the inhibitory effect of low temperature on the growth of seedlings,and had a better control effect on diseases and insect pests,improved the ability of maize to resist low temperature,promoted plant growth and development,and increased maize yield.

关 键 词：种子处理 玉米 低温 病虫害 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]