论专利侵权警告函的法律规制  

On Legal Regulation of the Patent Infringement Cease-and-Desist Letter

作　　者：聂鑫[1,2] Nie Xin

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学知识产权学院 [2]南京理工大学江苏省知识产权发展研究中心

出　　处：《电子知识产权》2022年第5期52-63,共12页Electronics Intellectual Property

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“少数民族非物质文化遗产知识产权保护制度创新研究”(项目编号:20BMZ083);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“大数据时代商业秘密民事法律制度应对研究”(项目编号:17YJC820040)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：专利侵权警告函是专利权人排除权利行使不当妨碍,维护合法权益的权利行使方式,同时也可以成为打击竞争对手,妨碍市场竞争秩序,获得不法利益的工具。专利侵权警告函规制规则设计涉及权利行使自由与市场竞争秩序两种法益的平衡,而美国“NoerrPennington原则”及例外法则的法理在该领域的适用,可以为我国提供规制思路和方法参考。对于专利侵权警告函的规制,我国应确立区分合法性分析与适法性分析的两阶段,在不同阶段赋予不同的任务,合法性分析阶段主要在专利法框架内进行权利滥用的构成分析,而适法性分析阶段则在竞争法框架内进行竞争法法律责任的构成分析,并在不同阶段适配设计不同的分析方法和标准,实现对专利侵权警告函的合理规制。The patent infringement cease-and-desist letter is a way for the patentee to exclude the obstruction of the exercise of rights and to protect the legitimate rights and interests.At the same time,it can also become a tool to crack down on competitors,hinder market competition,and obtain illegal benefits.The key to the design of the patent infringement warning rules involves the balance between the right to exercise freedom and the market competition order.The application of the Noerr-Pennington principle and the exception law in this field can provide some reference for China.For the regulation of patent infringement cease-and-desist letter,China should establish a two-stage analysis method that distinguishes legality analysis and application analysis,and assigns different tasks at different stages.The legality analysis stage mainly analyzes the composition of rights abuse within the framework of patent law.In the application analysis stage,the composition of unfair competition is analyzed within the framework of the competition law,and different analysis methods and standards are designed at different stages to realize the patent right through reasonable regulation of the patent infringement cease-and-desist letter.The balance between the interests of the patentee and the accused infringer.

关 键 词：专利侵权 警告函 权利行使 主观意图 不正当竞争 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学] D923.42[政治法律—法学]