“结构化程度”与“各向渐变性”——宜兴话的方言测量学研究  

Structuredness and Multidirectional Gradient:A computational dialectometric study of Yixing dialects

作　　者：黄河[1] HUANG He

机构地区：[1]复旦大学现代语言学研究院,上海

出　　处：《中国语文》2022年第3期278-290,382,共14页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：教育部青年一般项目“地理语言学视角下的毗陵吴语变异研究”(项目批准号:18YJC740027)的资助。

摘　　要：本文提出“各向渐变性”是衡量语言变异在地理上渐变的计量指标。该指标可以通过构建语言距离和对数转换后的地理距离的回归模型来度量。本文以宜兴方言为对象,采用方言测量学的方法探索不同语言变异(音韵、功能词、实词)的各向渐变性的差异,发现了各向渐变性序列(由强到弱):实词>功能词>音韵,并对该序列进行解释,并提出各向渐变性与结构化程度成反比这一假说。This paper proposes an index of Multidirectional Gradient to measure the accumulation of linguistic distance as geographic distance increases.The index is calculated based on the study of Yixing dialects from a dialectometric approach,with Multidirectional Gradient of different linguistic levels measured via the linear regression analysis of linguistic distance and geographic distance after logarithm transformation.An index sequence from high to low is discovered as:lexis>function words>phonology.This can be explained by the inverse proportion between structuredness and Multidirectional Gradient.

关 键 词：方言连续体 方言区域 方言测量学 方言地理学 地理语言学 

分 类 号：H173[语言文字—汉语]