低温胁迫对不同含水量花生种子萌发幼苗干物质量及功能叶片内源激素含量的影响  

Effects of Low Temperature Stress on Dry Matter Mass and Endogenous Hormone Content in Functional Leaves of Seedling Germinated from Peanut Seeds with Different Water Content

作　　者：霍俊豪 李峰 刘璇 韩猛 邹晓霞 HUO Jun-hao;LI Feng;LIU Xuan;HAN Meng;ZOU Xiao-xia(College of Agronomy,Qingdao Agricultural University/Shandong Key Lab.of Dry Farming Agricultural Technology,Qingdao 266109,China;Shizhong Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Zaozhuang,Zaozhuang 277100,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学农学院/山东省旱作农业技术重点实验室,山东青岛266109 [2]枣庄市市中区农业农村局,山东枣庄277100

出　　处：《花生学报》2022年第2期9-15,共7页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：国家花生产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13-生态与土壤管理)。

摘　　要：花生是我国重要的油料作物和经济作物,分布区域较广,但在部分产区易受低温冷害胁迫。目前对不同含水量花生种子受低温胁迫后萌发幼苗的生长和生理特性尚缺乏系统研究。本文以青花7号花生品种为供试材料,以自然风干未受低温胁迫种子为对照,设置(43±1)%、(36±1)%两个含水量和2℃、-1℃两个低温,共计4个处理,研究种子出苗后干物质量和功能叶片的内源激素含量变化。研究发现:苗期干物质积累量受种子含水量影响较大,苗后22~26 d,种子含水量越高,受低温胁迫影响越大。相比于含水量,内源激素含量变化与低温胁迫的相关性更强。幼苗生长前期内源激素变化主要受低温影响,温度越低,ABA、IAA含量越高;幼苗生长后期激素变化主要受含水量影响,苗后22 d起,种子含水量越高,萌发幼苗叶片GA3含量越低,而ABA含量越高。综上,本研究条件下,虽然取样时期对内源激素含量有一定干扰,但花生贮藏时仍须尽量降低含水量,以减少低温胁迫危害。Peanut is an important oil crop and cash crop with widely distributed area in China, and is threatened by cold stress in some production areas. However, till present, there is lack of systematic research on growth and physiological characteristics of seedling germinated from peanut seeds with different water content under low temperature stress. In this paper, the peanut variety Qinghua7 was used as test material, and the naturally air-dried seeds without low temperature stress were used as the control. A total of four treatments were set with composition of water content as(43±1)%,(36±1)% and low temperature as 2 ℃,-1 ℃. The changes of dry matter mass and endogenous hormone content of functional seedling leaves after seed emergence were studied. It was found that the dry matter accumulation at seedling stage was greatly affected by seed water content. 22~26 days after emergence, the higher the seed water content was, the more serious influence was caused by low temperature stress. The change of endogenous hormone content was more significantly related to low temperature stress compared with water content. The change of endogenous hormone in the early stage of seedling growth was mainly affected by low temperature, and the lower the temperature was, the higher the content of ABA and IAA was induced. The change of hormone in the later stage of seedling growth was mainly affected by water content, from 22 days after emergence, the higher the water content of the seed was, the lower the GA3 content and the higher the ABA content of the seedling leaves were induced. To sum up, under the conditions of this study, although the sampling period had certain interference on the content of endogenous hormones, the water content of peanut seed should be reduced as much as possible during storage to reduce the damage caused by low temperature stress.

关 键 词：花生幼苗 低温胁迫 种子含水量 干物质积累 内源激素 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学] Q946.885