长江两岸造林绿化工程背景下石首市森林生态格局分析  

Analysis of Forest Ecological Pattern in Shishou City Under the Background of Afforestation Project on Sides of the Yangtze River

作　　者：杨佳伟 许秀环[1] 胡兴宜[1] 兰竹 来生艳 荣新军 袁率[5] YANG Jia-wei;XU Xiu-huan;HU Xing-yi;LAN Zhu;LAI Sheng-yan;RONG Xin-jun;YUAN Shuai(Hubei Academy of Forestry,Wuhan 430075,China;Hunan Prospecting Design&Research General Institute for Agriculture Forestry&Industry,Changsha 410007,China;Shishou Natural Resources and Planning Bureau,Jingzhou 434400,China;Shishou Research Institute of Poplar,Jingzhou 434400,China;Hubei Ecology Polytechnic College,Wuhan 430200,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省林业科学研究院,湖北武汉430075 [2]湖南省农林工业勘察设计研究总院,湖南长沙410007 [3]石首市自然资源和规划局,湖北荆州434400 [4]湖北省林科院石首杨树研究所,湖北荆州434400 [5]湖北生态工程职业技术学院,湖北武汉430200

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2022年第5期1051-1061,共11页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：湖北省林业科研项目([2020]LYKJ18);石首市林业科研项目([2020]LY01)。

摘　　要：长江两岸造林绿化工程着力于解决长江干流两岸绿化断带、森林生态功能脆弱等问题,构筑连续完整、结构稳定的沿江森林生态系统。基于形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)识别石首市在工程实施前后森林生态格局,筛选森林生态源地,结合景观类型、人类活动强度等因素构建阻力面,提取森林生态廊道,进行重要性分级,构建森林生态网络。结果表明:石首市森林资源相对丰富,景观构成斑块大型化,破碎化,难于与周边其他景观产生物质能量交流;景观斑块面积和连通性重要程度不呈绝对的正相关关系。长江两岸造林绿化工程的实施促进长江及其支流两岸沿江绿化断带合拢,森林景观资源斑块面积增大,边缘复杂程度降低,缓解斑块破碎化程度,加强森林景观斑块间连通性,利于物种迁移与基因交流。工程实施后的源地生态廊道分布不均匀,通过生态网络规划,显著提高了研究区域内森林生态斑块的连接水平,增加森林网络连接的有效性和稳定性。合理规划生态网络可连通森林资源,联合农田林网可形成结构稳定、功能完善的山水林田湖复合生态网络格局。Afforestation project on sides of the Yangtze River focuses on solving the problems of broken green belts on both sides of the river and the fragile ecological functions of forests,so as to build a continuous,complete and stable forest ecosystem along the Yangtze River.Based on the morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA),this paper identified the forest ecological pattern before and after the implementation of the project in Shishou City,screened the forest ecological sources,constructed resistance surfaces by combining the landscape types,human activity intensity and other factors,extracted the forest ecological corridors,graded the importance,and constructed the forest ecological network.The results show that the forest resources in Shishou City are relatively rich,the landscape patches are large and fragmented,which makes it difficult to exchange material and energy with other surrounding landscapes.There is no absolute positive correlation between landscape patches area and the importance of connectivity.The afforestation project on sides of the Yangtze River had promoted the closure of the afforestation fault belt along the Yangtze River and its tributaries,increased the patch area of forest landscape resources,reduced the complexity of the edge,alleviated the fragmentation degree of patches,strengthened the connectivity between forest landscape patches,and was conducive to species migration and gene exchange.After the implementation of the project,the distribution of ecological corridors in the source area was not uniform.Through the ecological network planning,the connection level of forest ecological patches in the study area is significantly improved,and the effectiveness and stability of forest network connection are increased.The rational planning of ecological network can connect forest resources,and the combination of farmland and forest network can form a complex ecological network pattern of mountains,rivers,forests,fields and lakes with stable structure and perfect function.

关 键 词：森林生态网络 长江 形态学空间格局分析 MCR模型 重力模型 

分 类 号：S718.55[农业科学—林学]