经皮内镜胃造瘘后患者营养现状及影响因素分析  

Status and influencing factors of nutrition in patients after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

作　　者：李东艳 李颖颖[1] 刘芳[1] 冯园园 Li Dongyan;Li Yingying;Liu Fang;Feng Yuanyuan(First Ward of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Hernia and Abdominal Surgery Department,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院胃肠外科一病区/疝和腹壁外科,郑州450052

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2022年第15期2066-2070,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目(17A320010)。

摘　　要：目的探讨经皮内镜胃造瘘术(PEG)患者术后营养现状及影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2019年1月—2021年1月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的115例行PEG的患者为研究对象,根据术后营养状况分为营养良好组、营养不良组。采用Logistic回归分析法探讨PEG术后营养不良的影响因素。结果115例PEG患者术后有32例发生营养不良,发生率为27.83%。与营养良好组比较,营养不良组患者糖尿病、PEG术后腹泻占比均升高,自我护理能力量表评分降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,糖尿病、PEG术后腹泻、ESCA评分均是PEG术后营养不良的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论PEG患者术后营养状况较差,提示医护应关注PEG患者术后的营养状况,尤其是糖尿病患者、PEG术后腹泻患者以及自我护理能力较低的患者,应采取针对性的预防措施,降低患者营养不良发生率。Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of postoperative nutrition in patients undergoing percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy(PEG).Methods From January 2019 to January 2021,convenience sampling was used to select 115 patients who underwent PEG in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University as the research object.According to the postoperative nutritional status,the patients were divided into the well-nourished group and the malnourished group.Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of malnutrition after PEG.Results Malnutrition occurred in 32 of 115 PEG patients after operation,with an incidence rate of 27.83%.Compared with the well-nourished group,the proportion of diabetes and postoperative diarrhea after PEG in the malnourished group increased,and the Exercise of Self-care Agency Scale(SCA)scores decreased,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes,diarrhea after PEG and low ESCA score were the influencing factors of malnutrition after PEG(P<0.05).Conclusions Postoperative nutritional status of PEG patients was poor.It is suggested that medical and nursing staff should pay attention to the nutritional status of PEG patients,especially patients with diabetes,diarrhea after PEG and low self-care ability,and take targeted preventive measures to reduce the incidence of malnutrition in patients.

关 键 词：胃造口术 经皮内镜胃造瘘术 营养不良 影响因素 

分 类 号：R656.61[医药卫生—外科学]