急性高强度间歇运动和中等强度持续运动对2型糖尿病患者餐后血糖、胰岛素和炎症因子的影响  

Acute Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Plasma Glucose,Insulin and Inflammatory Factors Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Men

作　　者：崔新雯 李丽凤 杨星雅[1] 徐建方[1] CUI Xinwen;LI Lifeng;YANG Xingya;XU Jianfang(China Institute of Sport Science,Beijing 100061,China;Beijing Sport University,Key Laboratory of sports and physical health,Ministry of Education,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061 [2]北京体育大学运动与体质健康教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《体育科学》2022年第3期72-76,84,共6页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFC2007001);国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费资助项目(基本19-35)。

摘　　要：目的:对比高强度间歇运动(high intensity interval training,HIIT)和中等强度持续运动(moderate intensity continuous training,MICT)对30~50岁男性2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes,T2D)患者餐后血糖控制和炎症因子的影响。方法:14位男性T2D受试者[年龄:(42.6±6.5)岁]进行3次交叉随机自身对照试验,每次干预均在早餐后1 h进行,分别为:1)HIIT,高强度运动以90% VO_(2max)强度骑功率车7组×1 min/组,低强度运动以30% VO_(2max)强度骑功率车7组×2 min/组,热身以60% VO_(2max)强度骑功率车4 min,恢复以40% VO_(2max)强度骑功率车5 min;2)MICT,以50% VO_(2max)强度持续骑功率车30 min;3)安静对照(CON)在功率车上静坐30 min,每次干预间隔10天。受试者分别在运动前、运动后即刻和运动后1 h 3个时间点抽取静脉血,测试血糖、胰岛素、TNF-α和IL-6水平,并计算干预后相比干预前的变化量,采用双因素重复测量方差分析对血糖、胰岛素、TNF-α和IL-6水平及变化进行比较。结果:30 min的HIIT和MICT总能量消耗量无显著差异。相比CON,HIIT和MICT显著降低了运动后即刻血糖水平(P<0.001),且相比MICT,HIIT使血糖降低更明显(P<0.01);相比运动后即刻,HIIT使血糖水平在运动后1 h显著回升(P<0.05),而此时MICT导致血糖降低量仍显著多于CON的降低量(P<0.01)。相比CON,HIIT和MICT显著降低了胰岛素水平(P<0.01),但HIIT和MICT二者之间无显著差异;HIIT(P<0.001)和MICT(P<0.01)显著增加了运动后即刻TNF-α水平,但在运动后1 h恢复至运动前水平。不同运动方式对IL-6水平没有产生显著影响(P>0.05)。结论:急性HIIT和MICT均可以降低30~50岁男性T2D患者餐后静脉血血糖和胰岛素水平,并短暂提高炎症因子TNF-α的水平;相比MICT,HIIT在运动后即刻的降糖效果更好。Objective:To compare the acute effects of highintensity interval training(HIIT)versus moderateintensity continuous training(MICT)on postprandial plasma glucose control and inflammatory factors in type 2 diabetic(T2D)men aged 30-50 years.Methods:14 T2D men(42.6±6.5 years old)underwent a randomized three crossover trial.The three interventions are as follows:HIIT,7×1 min at 90%maximal oxygen uptake(VO_(2max))+7×2 min at 30%VO_(2max)+4 min warming up at 60%VO_(2max)+5 min cooling at 40%VO_(2max)with cycling;MICT,30 min at 50%VO_(2max)with cycling,and a sedentary control(CON)in the postprandial state.Each intervention had a 10 days wash-out period.Plasma glucose,insulin,TNF-αand IL-6 levels were measured at pre-exercise,postexercise and 1 h post-exercise.Two-way ANOVA with repeated measures were used to compare glucose,insulin,TNF-αand IL-6 values among the interventions.Results:Total energy expenditure between the two exercises was not significantly different.Lower plasma glucose levels were observed immediately after exercise in HIIT and MICT than that of CON(P<0.001),the glucose level in HIIT was also lower than that of MICT(P<0.01).Glucose levels in HIIT group was increased at 1 h post-exercise compared to immediately post-exercise(P<0.05),while the decrease(1 h post-exercise minus pre-exercise)of MICT group was more than that of CON group(P<0.01).HIIT and MICT(P<0.01)decreased the insulin levels compared to CON,while no difference was observed between the HIIT and MICT.HIIT(P<0.001)and MICT(P<0.01)increased the TNF-αlevels at immediately after exercise but returned to the levels of pre-exercise at 1 h post-exercise.Different exercise types have no obvious effect on IL-6.Conclusion:Both acute HIIT and the matched MICT can lower postprandial plasma glucose and insulin levels in type 2 diabetic men aged 30-50 years,and temporarily increase the level of TNF-α.Compared with MICT,HIIT decreases glucose level greater at immediately post-exercise.

关 键 词：高强度间歇运动 中等强度持续运动 血糖 胰岛素 TNF-Α 2型糖尿病 

分 类 号：G804.5[文化科学—运动人体科学]