无阿片类药物麻醉在临床中的应用进展  

Progress of Opioid-free Anesthesia for Clinical Application

作　　者：高颖 刘友坦 GAO Ying;LIU Youtan(Department of Anesthesiology,Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University,Shenzhen 518110,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学深圳医院麻醉科,广东深圳518110

出　　处：《医学综述》2022年第11期2199-2204,共6页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82072215);深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20190814111018958)。

摘　　要：阿片类药物凭借其强大的镇痛作用,在急慢性疼痛控制中占据不可替代的位置,但其不良反应可对患者造成危害,严重者可导致死亡。手术是许多人首次接触阿片类药物的原因,因此围手术期控制阿片类药物的用量可减少或避免其不良反应。无阿片类药物麻醉(OFA)在此趋势下应运而生,在某些手术类型中联合使用多种非阿片类药物或区域阻滞技术可为患者提供充分的术中及术后镇痛并改善临床预后,但OFA在临床常规应用的可行性与安全性仍须进一步研究。Opioids have been playing an irreplaceable role in the control of acute and chronic pain due to their powerful analgesic effects.However,its adverse effects may cause harm to the patients,and can lead to death in serious cases.Surgery is the reason of the first-time exposure to opioids of many people.Therefore,controlling the dosage of perioperative opioids can reduce or avoid its adverse reactions.Opioid-free anesthesia(OFA)was developed under this trend,that combination with multiple non-opioid drugs or use of regional block technology can provide adequate analgesia for the patients in some surgeries and improve the prognosis.But the feasibility and safety of using OFA for routine clinical application still need further studies.

关 键 词：无阿片类药物麻醉 阿片类药物 非阿片类药物 区域阻滞 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学]