未婚女性人工流产术后避孕方式及避孕行为调查  

Investigation of contraceptive methods and contraceptive behavior of unmarried women after induced abortion

作　　者：冯雪 陈金艳 张艳 瑚炎培 贺蓓 FENG Xue;CHEN Jinyan;ZHANG Yan;HU Yanpei;HE Bei(Chang'an Hospital of Xian,Shaanxi Province,710061)

机构地区：[1]陕西省西安市长安医院,710061

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2022年第6期1233-1237,共5页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

摘　　要：目的:探讨未婚女性人工流产术后的避孕方式及避孕行为。方法:选择2020年1月—2020年12月在本院行人工流产的未婚女性188例,通过发放调查问卷和随访,了解避孕知识及态度以及流产术后避孕状况。结果:被调查者避孕知识,2.1%认为非常了解,29.8%不太了解;71.8%主要通过互联网了解,对避孕套避孕的知晓率最高(100.0%),对其他避孕方式的知晓率均<50.0%,其中皮下埋植避孕剂和避孕针的知晓率仅为4.8%和2.7%;97.9%认为有必要了解避孕知识,88.8%愿意主动采取避孕措施,75.0%认为流产术会对自己今后婚恋交往产生影响。避孕知识态度的最低得分(51.6±7.7)分(12.0-75.0分)。术后1周,高效避孕措施使用率为89.9%,其中口服避孕药(COC)147例、长效可逆避孕方法(LARC)20例、长效避孕针2例;术后第1个月,高效避孕措施使用率降至58.0%;术后第3个月,高效避孕措施使用率降至37.6%,非高效避孕措施使用率提高到52.7%;术后第6个月,未避孕率提高到15.5%;术后第12个月,高效避孕措施使用率降至29.7%,未避孕率提高到22.5%,意外妊娠率为8.1%。末次随访显示,续用率COC为25.2%,LARC为75.0%。生存曲线分析显示,非高效避孕措施的使用率高于高效避孕措施(P<0.05)。未续用COC的主要原因为“难以坚持每日定时服药”,其次为“药物不良反应”;弃用LARC的主要原因为“不良反应”。结论:行人工流产术的未婚女性避孕知识水平偏低,但术后避孕态度积极,术后经过PAC多数会采取高效避孕方式但不能坚持使用,高效避孕方式的续用率较低,提示临床应加强术前咨询服务工作。Objective:To investigate the contraceptive methods and contraceptive behavior of unmarried women after induced abortion.Methods:A total of 188 unmarried women who had undergone induced abortion were selected as the respondents.Through questionnaires and follow-up,the contraceptive knowledge and attitude,as well as the contraceptive status of these respondents were investigated.Results:2.1%respondents knew a lot of contraceptive knowledge,and 29.8%respondents knew a little of contraceptive knowledge.71.8%respondents knew the contraceptive knowledge from internet.The awareness rate of condom of the respondents was the highest(100.0%),while the awareness rates of other contraceptive methods of the respondents were all less than 50.0%,especially the awareness rates of implantation contraceptive and contraceptive injection of the respondents were only 4.8%and 2.7%,respectively.97.9%respondents thought it was necessary to know about contraception,88.8%respondents were willing to contraception used on their own initiative,and 75.0%respondents thought that the abortion would have an adverse impact on their future love and marriage.The score of contraceptive knowledge attitude of the respondents was 51.6±7.7 points(the range 12.0-75.0 points),which was the lowest.One week after abortion,the utilization rate of high effective contraceptive of the respondents was 89.9%,which included 147 cases with combination oral contraceptive(COC)used,20 cases with long-acting reversible contraceptive(LARC)used,and 2 cases with long-acting contraceptive injection used.In the first month after abortion,the utilization rate of high effective contraceptive of the respondents decreased to 58.0%.In the third month after abortion,the utilization rate of high effective contraceptive of the respondents decreased to 37.6%,but the utilization rate of non-effective contraceptive of the respondents increased to 52.7%.In the6 th month after abortion,the un-contraceptive rate of the respondents increased to 15.5%.In the 12 th month after abortion,the

关 键 词：未婚女性 人工流产后避孕 长效可逆避孕方法 续用 

分 类 号：R169.41[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]