激光熔覆原位合成TiC成形工艺参数优化方法  

Laser Cladding In-situ Synthesis of TiC Forming Control Method

作　　者：曾嘉怡 练国富 褚梦雅 黄旭 ZENG Jia-yi;LIAN Guo-fu;CHU Meng-ya;HUANG Xu(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou 350118,China)

机构地区：[1]福建工程学院机械与汽车工程学院,福州350118

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2022年第6期101-110,共10页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51575110)。

摘　　要：目的针对激光熔覆原位生成TiC过程中成形质量差、优化手段少的问题,探究工艺参数对熔覆高宽比、稀释率和面积的影响规律,实现熔覆质量的预测与优化。方法采用全因素试验对数据进行拟合回归,利用得到的数学模型进行方差分析,得到工艺参数对成形质量指标的作用规律,后通过NSGA-Ⅱ遗传算法进行多目标优化,并提出一种加权择优算法。结果得到的优化工艺参数如下:激光功率为1585.70 W,扫描速度为4.76 mm/s,粉末配比为1.02,验证试验所得实际值与预测值的误差均小于10%,证明了优化方法的准确性。结论高宽比随着激光功率和扫描速度的增大呈现降低的趋势,高宽比随着粉末配比的增大呈现先减小后增大的趋势;稀释率与激光功率、扫描速度和粉末配比的交互作用呈现正相关;熔覆面积随着激光功率的增大而增大,随着扫描速度和粉末配比的增大而减小。研究结果能为激光熔覆原位合成TiC成形控制提供理论依据。Aiming at the problems of poor in-situ forming quality and few optimization methods of laser cladding,this paper explores the influence of process parameters on the aspect ratio,dilution rate and area of cladding,and realizes the prediction and optimization of cladding quality.The full factor test is used to conduct the fitting and regression of the data,and the obtained mathematical model is used for variance analysis to acquire the effect of process parameters on the forming quality index.After that,the NSGA-Ⅱgenetic algorithm is used for multi-objective optimization,and a weighted optimal algorithm is proposed.The optimized process parameters obtained are as follows:the laser power is 1585.70 W,the scanning speed is 4.76 mm/s,and the powder ratio is 1.02,the errors between which and their predicted values is less than 10%,proving the accuracy of the optimization method.The aspect ratio shows a decreasing trend with the increase of laser power and scanning speed,and it first decreases and then increases with the increase of powder ratio.The dilution ratio is positively related to laser power,scanning speed and powder ratio.The cladding area increases with the increase of the laser power,and decreases with the increase of the scanning speed and the powder ratio.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the forming control of laser cladding in-situ synthesis of TiC.

关 键 词：激光熔覆 原位合成 成形质量 NSGA-Ⅱ多目标优化 

分 类 号：TG665[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TH161.1[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]