晚清上海假冒慈善社团问题研究——以《申报》为中心的考察  

An Investigation on the Fake Charities in Shanghai in the Late Qing Dynasty Based on Shun Pao

作　　者：李玉[1] Li Yu

机构地区：[1]南京大学中华民国史研究中心,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《社会科学战线》2022年第3期101-108,282,共9页Social Science Front

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(13AZS016)。

摘　　要：在形形色色的晚清骗局中,假冒慈善社团现象较为普遍。尤其是在上海,不法分子冒用或隐射善堂名义,以“行善”为名,行欺骗之实,损人利己,害公肥私。为了既方便行骗,又逃避打击,此类假冒善堂、捐局常设于监管不周地区,高悬门牌,诱人上当,还雇佣“线人”前往外地“募捐”,俾进一步扩大不当得利。不法分子利用民众乐善好施之德,竭尽“招揽”手段,以诳人财物,此举无疑严重破坏了慈善事业的信誉与功效。虽然晚清假冒善堂现象的成因复杂,但必然与清政府治理不良有很大关系。Among the various scams in the late Qing Dynasty,fake charities and public welfare organizations were more common.Especially in Shanghai,the lawbreakers fraudulently used or concealed the name of charity organizations in the name of “good deeds”to deceive others for their own benefits.In order to facilitate fraud and to escape punishment,such fake charities were often located in the places where urban and rural areas are connected,with slogans hanging high on the gates.They also hired “informants”to go to other places to “collect donations”.The lawbreakers took advantage of the people’s good wills,and tried every means to defraud people’s money and property,which undoubtedly ruined the charity’s credibility and effectiveness severely.Causes of the fake charities were complicated,but it must have a relationship with the poor governance of the late Qing Dynasty.

关 键 词：晚清社会 善堂 社会欺诈 《申报》 

分 类 号：K256[历史地理—历史学]