劳动力流动对沿海地区企业成本竞争力的影响  

The Impact of Labor Migration on Enterprise Cost Competitiveness in the Coastal Areas

作　　者：石敏俊 张雪[2] 郑丹 Shi Minjun;Zhang Xue;Zheng Dan

机构地区：[1]浙江大学公共管理学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]中国人民大学应用经济学院,北京100872 [3]中国科学院大学经济与管理学院,北京100190

出　　处：《社会科学战线》2022年第5期47-55,281,共10页Social Science Front

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(15ZDC006)。

摘　　要：文章基于人口普查数据、工业企业数据与城市统计数据,实证检验了劳动力流动对流入地企业用工成本变动和企业竞争力的影响。研究发现,劳动力流动可以增加流入地的劳动力市场供给,有效缓解企业用工成本上涨的压力。与资本密集型行业相比,劳动力流动对劳动密集型行业的影响更显著;与国有企业相比,劳动力流动对非国有企业降低用工成本的作用更显著;与非出口企业相比,劳动力流动对出口企业提高竞争力的作用更显著。研究结果证实,跨区域劳动力流动对于沿海地区劳动密集型产业、非国有企业缓解用工成本上涨的压力具有至关重要的作用。在全球生产网络和全球市场成本竞争的背后,不可忽视跨区域劳动力流动对中国制造作出的巨大贡献。Based on the census data,industrial enterprise data and urban statistical data,this paper empirically tests the impact of labor migration on the employment costs and competitiveness of enterprises.It finds that labor migration can increase the supply of labor market and effectively alleviate the pressure of the rising enterprise labor costs in coastal areas.Compared with capitalintensive industries,labor migration has a more significant impact on labor-intensive industries;compared with the state-owned enterprises,labor migration has a more significant effect on reducing labor costs in the non-state-owned enterprises;compared with the domestic enterprises,labor migration has a more significant effect on the cost competitiveness of export enterprises.The findings of this paper confirm that cross-regional labor migration plays a vital role in the labor-intensive industries and the non-state-owned enterprises in coastal areas to alleviate the pressure of the rising enterprise labor costs.Behind the cost competitiveness of made-in-China in the global production network and global market,the great contribution of cross-regional labor migration cannot be ignored.

关 键 词：劳动力流动 沿海地区 企业用工成本 成本竞争力 2SLS-IV模型 

分 类 号：F113[经济管理—国际贸易]