玉米穗腐病原菌禾谷镰孢的分离鉴定与致病力测试  

Identification and Pathogenicity Test of Fusarium graminearum Causing Ear Rot in Maize

作　　者：苏爱国[1] 王帅帅 段赛茹 宋伟[1] SU Ai-guo;WANG Shuai-shuai;DUAN Sai-ru;SONG Wei(Maize Research Center,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院玉米研究中心/玉米DNA指纹及分子育种北京市重点实验室,北京100097

出　　处：《玉米科学》2022年第2期176-182,共7页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：北京市农林科学院创新能力建设专项(KJCX20180413)。

摘　　要：利用形态学和分子鉴定技术,从玉米穗腐病病穗上分离并鉴定到17个禾谷镰孢菌株。以玉米自交系X178、593和B73为材料,对其中5个产孢能力强的菌株通过玉米发芽抑制试验进行致病力测试。结果表明,菌株FG14对测试自交系的平均发芽抑制率达54.10%;FG7最低,仅有23.22%,两者相差2.3倍。选用5个菌株在田间分别接种B73和LH59果穗,两个自交系对菌株FG14和FG21的抗性评价均为感,FG7为中抗。种子发芽和田间接种鉴定结果均表明,禾谷镰孢菌株间致病力存在显著差异。试验明确不同菌株对穗腐病抗性鉴定的影响,获得的菌株为玉米种质的穗腐病抗性筛选提供理论参考。Seventeen strains of Fusarium graminearum were isolated and identified from infected ear of maize by morphological and molecular biological techniques.The pathogenicity of 5 strains was tested by affecting germi⁃nation of seed using maize inbred lines X178,593 and B73.The results showed that the average germination inhibi⁃tion rate of strain FG14 to these tested inbred lines was 54.10%,while that of strain FG7 was only 23.22%,the dif⁃ference between them was 2.3 times.In the field ears of inbred lines B73 and LH59 were inoculated with 5 strains of F.graminearum respectively,and were identified to be susceptible to FG14 and FG21,while moderately resistant to FG7.The results of seed germination and ear rot screening showed that there were significant differences in pathoge⁃nicity among F.graminearum strains.Through this experiment,we determine the influence of different strains on the resistance identification of ear rot,and the obtained strains also lay a foundation for screening resistance materi⁃als of maize germplasm.

关 键 词：玉米 玉米穗腐病 禾谷镰孢 致病力 

分 类 号：S435.131[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]