山区涉河桥墩布设防撞装置对通航的影响  

Influence of anti-collision devices for skew bridge piers on navigation

作　　者：余葵[1,2] 吴威力 刘宪庆 孟繁超 张鑫[1,2] 刘涛[1,2] 毛德涵 YU Kui;WU Wei-li;LIU Xian-qing;MENG Fan-chao;ZHANG Xin;LIU Tao;MAO De-han(National Inland Waterway Improvement Engineering Research Center,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Chongqing Bridge Navigation Safety and Collision Engineering Technology Research Center,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学,国家内河航道整治工程技术研究中心,重庆400074 [2]重庆交通大学,重庆市桥梁通航安全与防撞工程技术研究中心,重庆400074

出　　处：《水运工程》2022年第6期119-126,共8页Port & Waterway Engineering

基　　金：重庆英才计划·创新创业示范项目(CQYC20193204)。

摘　　要：为研究山区河流桥梁布设防撞装置对于通航的影响,采用二维物理模型试验的方法,利用运动船舶受力偏离航线的原理,通过对船舶艏向角θ、漂角β等船舶航行参数的分析,研究桥梁与水流存在交角的情况下布设防撞装置对船舶航行的影响;通过设置多条航线,探究船舶航行时与桥墩的的安全距离。试验结果表明:山区河流涉河桥墩布设防撞装置对于船舶航行的影响远大于裸墩,且尖艏型防撞装置对航行船舶的影响大于圆艏型;山区河流涉河桥墩或防撞装置与水流的交角越大,船舶的偏转幅度越大,其中0°~10°变化趋势较为明显。通过多组航线航行试验发现,航线越靠近桥墩,船舶受到的影响越大,当航线与桥墩的距离达到3W时,这一影响达到峰值。所得结果可以为山区河流桥梁通航安全的研究及防撞装置的研发提供参考。In order to study the influence of anti-collision devices on the navigation of bridges in mountainous rivers,a two-dimensional physical model test was carried out to investigate the influence of anti-collision devices on the navigation of ships in the presence of intersection angles between bridges and water currents by analyzing ship navigation parameters such as the bow angle θ and drift angle β using the principle of deviation from the course of a moving ship.By setting up multiple routes,we explore the safe distance between a ship and a bridge pier when sailing.The experimental results show that the impact of anti-collision devices on navigation of river piers in mountainous areas is much greater than that of bare piers,and the impact of anti-collision devices on navigation of ships with pointed bow is greater than that with rounded bow.The larger the angle of intersection between the bridge pier or anti-collision device and current,the larger the deflection range of ship,especially when the angle is 0°-10°,the influence is the largest.Several sets of route navigation tests show that the closer the route is to the bridge pier,the greater the impact on the ship,with this impact peaking when the distance between the route and the pier reaches 3 W.The results may serve as reference for the study of safe navigation of mountain river bridges and the research and development of anti-collision devices.

关 键 词：山区河流 防撞装置 模型试验 艏向角 漂角 

分 类 号：U61[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] TV131.61[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]