基于DEM-CFD耦合的辅助充种气吸式大豆高速精密排种器设计与试验  

Design and experiment of soybean high-speed precision vacuum seed metering with auxiliary filling structure based on DEM-CFD

作　　者：王国伟 夏晓蒙 朱庆辉 于海业[1] 黄东岩 WANG Guo-wei;XIA Xiao-meng;ZHU Qing-hui;YU Hai-ye;HUANG Dong-yan(College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China;Key Laboratory of Bionics Engineering,Ministry of Education,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,长春130022 [2]吉林大学工程仿生教育部重点实验室,长春130022

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2022年第5期1208-1221,共14页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20200502007NC)。

摘　　要：针对气吸式大豆排种器高速作业时气压依赖性高、功耗大的问题,基于Magicsem型气吸式排种器,设计了一种能够在较低负压下完成高速排种的气吸式大豆高速精密排种器。通过Ansys Fluent对排种器气流场进行仿真,研究排种器结构对气压均匀性的影响。通过EDEM仿真排种器无负压状态下的充种性能。通过DEM-CFD耦合分析不同充种层高度对排种器充种效果的影响。根据仿真试验优化的结构参数加工排种器,并进行排种器的台架试验。台架对比试验表明,本文设计的排种器吸种临界真空度相比于Magicsem型排种器减少5%~25%;充种层高度对排种性能影响的验证试验结果与仿真试验结果一致;优化后的排种器在前进速度为8 km/h、负压为4 kPa时,排种合格率为95.04%,漏播率为3.05%,重播率为1.91%,满足大豆精密播种要求。Aiming at the problems of high pressure dependence and high power consumption of air suction soybean seed metering device during high-speed operation,based on Magicsem type air suction seed metering device,an air suction soybean high-speed precision seed metering device which can complete high-speed seed metering under low negative pressure was designed. In order to study the effect of metering device structure on air pressure uniformity,Ansys Fluent was used to simulate the air flow field of seed metering device. The seed filling performance of seed metering device under no negative pressure was simulated by EDEM. The effect of different population height on seed filling effect of seed metering device was analyzed by DEM-CFD coupling method. The seed metering device was processed according to the structural parameters optimized by simulation test,and the bench test of seed metering device was carried out. The results show that the minimum negative pressure of the seed metering device designed in this paper that can achieve stable seed is reduced by 5%~25 % compared with the Magicsem seed metering device. The results of the verification test on the effect of population height on seed metering performance are consistent with the results of the simulation test. The qualified rate of the optimized seed metering device is 95.04%,the reseeding rate is 1.91%,and the missing-seeding rate is 3.05%,when the negative pressure of the seed metering device is 4 kPa,the forward speed is 8 km/h,which meets the requirements of precision soybean sowing.

关 键 词：农业工程 大豆 气吸式排种器 结构辅助 仿真分析 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]