控水控肥对微喷灌三七土壤磷素的影响  

Effects of water and fertilizer control on soil phosphorus content of Panax notoginseng under micro-sprinkler irrigation

作　　者：郑阳 脱云飞[1] 杨翠萍 王倩[1] 王昭仪 向萍 杨启良[3] ZHENG Yang;TUO Yunfei;YANG Cuiping;WANG Qian;WANG Zhaoyi;XIANG Ping;YANG Qiliang(College of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, China;Sichuan Liziping National Nature Reserve, Shimian, Sichuan 625400, China;College of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学生态与环境学院,云南昆明650224 [2]四川栗子坪国家级自然保护区管理局,四川石棉625400 [3]昆明理工大学现代农业工程学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2022年第6期626-634,共9页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51979134,51779113);云南省基础研究重点项目(CB22052C055A);云南省教育厅科学研究基金资助项目(2021J0164);四川省栗子坪国家级自然保护区陆生动物生境调查研究项目(2021ZD0125);云南省高原湿地保护修复与生态服务重点实验室开放基金资助项目(202105AG070002);西南林业大学环境污染与食品安全及人体健康省创新团队(202005AE160017);云南省高校优势特色重点学科(生态学)建设项目;云南省高校土壤侵蚀与控制重点实验室研究项目。

摘　　要：通过3个控水水平和4个控肥水平正交试验,对2017—2019年泸西县大栗树村三七典型种植区控水控肥条件下微喷灌三七土壤全磷和速效磷运移分布及其储量特性进行试验研究.结果表明:不同灌水量全磷以三七植株为中心沿水平方向和土壤深度增大均逐渐减小,水平方向最大值出现范围在0~10 cm,土壤深度最大值出现范围在0~20 cm.速效磷沿水平方向和土壤深度增大均先减小后增大,沿水平方向和土壤深度方向最大值出现范围均在0~20 cm.不同施肥量全磷和速效磷以三七植株为中心沿水平方向和土壤深度增大均先减小后增大,处理W3F2全磷和速效磷水平方向和土壤深度方向最大值出现范围在0~10 cm.不同灌水量全磷和速效磷分布均匀系数均随灌水量增加先减小后增大,处理W3F2全磷和速效磷分布均匀系数最小,分别为46.77%和62.70%,处理CK全磷偏态系数为负值,其余处理全磷和速效磷偏态系数均为正值.不同施肥量全磷和速效磷分布均匀系数均随施肥量增加先减小后增大,处理W2F3全磷分布均匀系数最小,为46.83%;处理W2F4速效磷分布均匀系数最小,为68.68%;处理W2F1速效磷偏态系数为负值,其余处理全磷和速效磷偏态系数均为正值.不同灌水量全磷和速效磷储量在土壤表层0~20 cm最大,全磷和速效磷储量均随土壤深度增加而减少,随灌水量增加而增加.不同施肥量全磷和速效磷储量均随施肥量增加先增大后减小,处理W2F3全磷和速效磷储量平均值最大.该研究对三七土壤水肥高效利用和调控提供技术支持,对三七高产优质种植具有指导意义.Through orthogonal tests with 3 water control levels and 4 fertilizer control levels,an experimental study was carried out on the migration distribution and reserve characteristics of total phosphorus and available phosphorus under micro-sprinkler irrigation in Panicum under water control and fertilizer control in the typical planting area of Panicum in Dalishu Village,Luxi County,Yunnan province from 2017 to 2019.The results show that the total phosphorus content with Panax notoginseng as the center of different irrigation amount decreases gradually in the horizontal direction and the increase of soil depth.The maximum value in the horizontal direction ranges from 0 to 10 cm,and the maximum value in the soil depth ranges from 0 to 20 cm.The available phosphorus decreases first and then increases in the horizontal direction and soil depth,and the maximum appeares in the range of 0-20 cm in the horizontal direction and soil depth.With Panax notoginseng plants as the center,total phosphorus and available phosphorus at different fertilization rates decrease first and then increase in the horizontal direction and soil depth.The maximum value of total phosphorus and available phosphorus in the horizontal direction and soil depth ranges from 0 to 10 cm.The distribution uniformity coefficients of total phosphorus and available phosphorus at different irrigation volumes decreased first and then increases with the increase of irrigation volume.The distribution uniformity coefficients of total phosphorus and available phosphorus at W3F2 treatment are the lowest,46.77%and 62.70%,respectively;the skewness coefficients of total phosphorus at CK treatment are negative;the skewness coefficients of total phosphorus and available phosphorus at other treatments are positive.The distribution uniformity coefficients of total phosphorus and available phosphorus at different fertilizer rates decrease first and then increase with the increase of fertilizer rates.The distribution uniformity coefficient of total phosphorus at W2F3 treatm

关 键 词：微喷灌 控水控肥 全磷 速效磷 分布及储量 

分 类 号：S277.9[农业科学—农业水土工程]