更高水平开放下我国玉米进口增加的驱动因素与应对建议  

Driving Factors and Suggestions for the Increase of Chinese Corn Imports under Higher Level Openness

作　　者：刘慧[1] 钟钰[1] Liu Hui;Zhong Yu(Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《经济纵横》2022年第2期89-96,共8页Economic Review Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“粮食收储制度改革对农户种植决策行为的影响及支持政策优化研究”(编号:19BJY156);国家社会科学基金重大项目“耕地-技术-政策融合视角的‘两藏’战略研究”(编号:21ZDA056);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(编号:ASTIP—IAED—2022—04)的成果。

摘　　要：2020、2021年我国玉米进口规模突破进口配额后仍大幅增加,引起社会广泛关注。对近期数据的分析表明,在进口玉米不具有价格优势下我国玉米进口量仍大幅增加,玉米饲用消费增加是导致玉米进口量增加的主要因素。在中长期我国玉米产不足需和以制度型开放为标志的更高水平开放背景下,要充分利用国内国际两个市场、两种资源,以国内市场供给的稳定性应对国际市场的不确定性,重点应从以下四个方面着手:加大支持力度,稳定玉米播种面积;增加科技投入,提高玉米单产水平;优化配方结构,促进饲料中玉米减量替代;深化国际合作,加强饲料粮进口来源多元化。In 2020 and 2021,China’s corn import scale still increased significantly after breaking through the import quota,which is attracting widespread public attention.The analysis of the recent data shows that the corn imports still increases significantly when the imported corn does not have the price advantage,and the increase of corn feeding consumption is the main factor leading to the increase of corn imports in China.Under the background of insufficient corn production in the medium and long term and higher-level openness marked by institutional opening-up,we should make full use of domestic and international markets and cope with the uncertainty of the international market with the stability of the domestic market supply.The focus should be on the following four aspects:to stabilize corn planting area through increasing support,to raise corn yield level through increasing investment in science and technology,to optimize formula structure for promoting the substitution of corn in feed,to deepen international cooperation for strengthening the diversification of feed import sources.

关 键 词：更高水平开放 玉米进口 价差 饲用消费 饲料粮 

分 类 号：F323.7[经济管理—产业经济]