有机肥替代化肥对白菜型春油菜产量和效益的影响  

Effect of Organic Fertilizer Replacing Chemical Fertilizer on Yield and Benefit of Chinese Cabbage Spring Rape

作　　者：史立东 胥婷婷[1] 张洋[1] 乔丙颖 侯万宏 张荣[1] SHI Li-dong;XU Ting-ting;ZHANG Yang;QIAO Bing-ying;HOU Wan-hong;ZHANG Rong(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Qinghai University,Xining Qinghai 810016,China;Guinan Grass Company,Guinan County,Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Guinan Qinghai 813100,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青海西宁810016 [2]青海省海南藏族自治州贵南县贵南草业公司,青海贵南813100

出　　处：《青海农林科技》2022年第2期24-27,56,共5页Science and Technology of Qinghai Agriculture and Forestry

基　　金：青海省科学技术厅重大科技专项项目(2019-NK-A11)。

摘　　要：以“青油21号”白菜型春油菜为试验材料,采用单因素随机区组设计大田试验,研究了不同比例有机肥替代化肥对青海高寒农区白菜型春油菜产量和效益的影响。试验结果表明:随着有机肥投入量的增加产量呈现逐渐递减的趋势;有机肥施用量增大会导致施肥成本增加,经济效益反而会降低;说明合适的有机肥施用量才能保证产量和效益。有机肥替代20%化肥(CF+M20)处理增加了单株有效角果数、角果粒数和增重了春油菜的千粒重,因而提高了白菜型春油菜的产量。综合考虑,有机肥替代化肥20%并配施有机肥900kg/hm^(2)是该地区白菜型春油菜合理的施肥用量。Taking’Qingyou 21’Chinese cabbage spring rape as experimental material,single factor randomized block design was used to study the effects of different proportions of organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer on yield and benefit of Chinese cabbage spring rape in Qinghai alpine agricultural area.The results showed that the yield gradually decreased with the increase of organic fertilizer input.The increase of organic fertilizer application rate will lead to the increase of fertilization cost and the decrease of economic benefit.It shows that the appropriate amount of organic fertilizer can ensure yield and benefit.The treatment of organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer 20%(CF+M20)increased the number of effective pods per plant,the number of pod grains and the thousand-grain weight of spring rape,thereby increasing the yield of spring rape.Overall,20%of chemical fertilizer was replaced by organic fertilizer and 900kg/hm^(2)of organic fertilizer was the reasonable fertilization amount of spring rape in this area.

关 键 词：有机肥替代 白菜型春油菜 产量 效益 

分 类 号：S14-3[农业科学—肥料学]