三维荧光光谱法在土壤溶解性有机质组分解析中的应用  

Application of the Three-dimensional Excitation-emission Matrix Fluorescence Spectroscopy in the Analysis of Soil Dissolved Organic Matter Components

作　　者：敖静 王涛[1] 常瑞英[1] AO Jing;WANG Tao;CHANG Rui-ying(Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《土壤通报》2022年第3期738-746,共9页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41977398);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2018406)资助。

摘　　要：土壤溶解性有机质是具有较高化学和微生物活性的土壤有机质组分,其周转在维持土壤肥力和调节生态系统碳循环中发挥着核心作用,正确解析可溶性有机质的化学组分对深刻理解其生态环境效应具有重要意义。论文旨在概述常见的土壤可溶性有机质组分分析方法,简要比较了常见的可溶性有机质化学组分分析技术,包括紫外-可见吸收光谱法、傅里叶红外光谱法、核磁共振法、傅里叶回旋共振质谱法和三维荧光光谱法的基本原理及技术优缺点,并着重对三维荧光光谱法在土壤可溶性有机质组分解析应用过程中的重要影响因素、常用荧光指标和数据处理方法进行了综述。三维荧光光谱法具有操作简便、仪器可及性高、成本低、通量高等特点,通过荧光指数、腐殖化指数及生物源指数等表征指标追溯土壤可溶性有机质的来源,结合平行因子分析法解析可溶性有机质化学组分及其对土地利用方式、耕种制度、全球变化因子的响应。但是,三维荧光光谱法也存在易受环境影响、解谱困难等局限性。未来研究亟需定量分析环境因素对可溶性有机质荧光特性的影响,并加强与其它分析技术和方法的联用,有助于更准确和全面地解析可溶性有机质,继而深入理解其生态环境效应。Dissolved organic matter(DOM)is a labile and reactive fraction of soil organic matter.The molecular characterization of DOM is helpful to clarify its ecological and environmental effects,especially its pivotal role in soil fertility and carbon cycling in the context of global environmental change.This paper aims to summarize the common analytical methods of DOM,the basic principles and applications of Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy,Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy,Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy,Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry and Three-dimensional Excitation-Emission Matrix Fluorescence Spectroscopy(3DEEM).The important influencing factors,common fluorescence indices and data processing methods of Threedimensional Excitation-Emission Matrix Fluorescence Spectroscopy in the application of soil DOM component analysis were emphatically reviewed.Among these techniques,3D-EEM has the merits of easy operation,simple configuration,high throughput as well as low cost and has been widely applied for the source identification by fluorescence index,humification index and biological source index.Moreover,the chemical components of DOM and their responses to land use patterns,farming systems and global change factors can be analyzed by parallel factor analysis.However,the 3D-EEM also has the limitations of being susceptible to environmental impact and difficulty in spectrum analysis.Future research needs to quantitatively analyze the influence of environmental factors on the fluorescence characteristics of DOM,to strengthen the combination with other analytical techniques and methods of more accurately and comprehensively determining the DOM components,and further to understand its ecological and environmental effects.

关 键 词：溶解性有机质 组分解析 三维荧光光谱法 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学] S153[农业科学—农业基础科学]