内脏痛实验动物模型的研究进展  

Research Progress of Experimental Animal Models of Visceral Pain

作　　者：王纹纹 雷静 尤浩军[1] WANG Wen-Wen;LEI Jing;YOU Hao-Jun(Center for Translational Medicine Research on Sensory-Motor Diseases,Yan’an University,Yan’an 716000,China)

机构地区：[1]延安大学感觉与运动疾病转化医学研究中心,延安716000

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2022年第5期858-866,共9页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82074564,81772451,81860410)资助项目。

摘　　要：内脏痛是内脏器官受到机械性牵拉、炎症、痉挛、应激和缺血等刺激所致的疼痛,是一种临床上常见病症。与躯体痛相比,内脏痛的产生、维持和调控机制更为复杂,因此是目前疼痛基础研究领域中的重点和难点之一。建立符合临床内脏疾病病理生理学特征的实验动物模型对研究内脏痛的产生、维持、调控机制及筛选相关内脏疾病的治疗药物具有重要意义。目前内脏痛动物模型主要按照造模刺激方式进行分类,分为炎性内脏痛模型、电刺激性内脏痛模型、机械扩张性内脏痛模型及缺血性内脏痛模型等,且每种动物模型具有不同特点。本文就近年来内脏痛基础研究中常用的实验动物模型的制备及特点做一简要综述,以期为研究者选择合适的内脏痛动物模型提供参考,为更深入研究内脏痛的复杂机制及筛选相关治疗药物奠定基础。Visceral pain is pathological pain and common clinical symptoms sourced from internal organs exposed to noxious stimuli such as mechanical stretch,inflammation,spasm,and ischemia.Compared with somatic pain,the mechanisms of induction and maintenance of viseral pain and its modulation are more complex.It has been demonstrated that peripheral mechanisms,i.e.peripheral inflammation,variations of the number and function of ion channels/receptors,central sensitization,and imbalanced descending controls:inhibition and facilitation are all involved in visceral pain.Therefore,clarifying mechanisms of visceral pain is important in basic pain research as well as in the clinic.For the in-depth study of the complex mechanisms underlying visceral pain,the choice and establishment of experimental animal models that mimic the pathophysiological characteristics of clinical visceral diseases is an essential prerequisite for the exploration of visceral pain.One difficulty in establishing animal model of visceral pain is that the experimental animal model cannot completely simulate the pathophysiological characteristics of clinical visceral diseases,and visceral diseases may be accompanied by a series of complications.In addition,repeatability,easiness and economy should be considered during the establishment of the animal model of visceral pain.At present,there are various animal models and classification methods of visceral pain,during which no authoritative classification of visceral pain animal models is validated.Currently,animal model of visceral pain is classified according to the method of visceral stimulation,such as inflammatory factors,mechanical dilative,ischemic,and electrical stimulation.Besides,visceral pain model can be classified according to the location of occurrence,i.e.heart,gastroduodenum,pancreas,small intestine,colorectal,ureter,bladder and uterus.The establishment of an ideal experimental animal model in line with the pathophysiological characteristics of clinical visceral diseases is of great significant a

关 键 词：内脏痛 内脏痛敏 动物模型 内源性下行调控 

分 类 号：R338[医药卫生—人体生理学] Q42[医药卫生—基础医学]