350例腹泻儿童病原体感染情况调查  

Analysis of etiological surveillance results of 350 children with diarrhea

作　　者：段金旗[1] 吴晓沛 杨蕴涛 韩博[1] 高燕飞[1] 董燕[2] DUAN Jin-qi;WU Xiao-pei;YANG Yun-tao;HAN Bo;GAO Yan-fei;DONG Yan(Zhangjiakou University,Zhangjiakou 075000,Hebei,China;The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University)

机构地区：[1]张家口学院,河北张家口075000 [2]河北医科大学第一医院

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2022年第4期435-438,共4页Journal of Pathogen Biology

摘　　要：目的了解河北地区儿童腹泻病原谱和主要致病菌对临床常用抗生素耐受情况。方法选择取2018年1月至2019年12月河北地区具有代表性医院5岁以下儿童病例资料作为研究对象。标本培养并采用全自动生化鉴定仪进行菌落鉴定,采用PCR检测病毒类型。结果350例患儿中82例患儿检出病原体,阳性率23.43%。大肠埃希菌19株、沙门菌11株、弯曲菌2株、志贺菌1株和副溶血性弧菌1株。轮状病毒29株、诺如病毒25株、腺病毒5株、星状病毒2株和扎如病毒2株。患儿中病毒感染48例、细菌感染21例,混合感染13例。母乳喂养患儿单纯病毒感染率10.28%(11/107)、单纯细菌感染率4.67%(5/107)和混合感染率2.80%(3/107);混合喂养单纯病毒感染率15.23%(37/243)、单纯细菌感染率6.58%(16/243)和混合感染率4.12%(10/243)。散居儿童中单纯病毒感染率10.53%(18/171)、单纯细菌感染率4.68%(8/171)和混合感染率3.51%(6/171);托幼儿童单纯病毒感染率6.76%(30/179)、单纯细菌感染率7.26%(13/179)和混合感染率3.91%(7/179)。春季单纯细菌感染率6.98%(6/86),单纯病毒感染感染率13.95%(12/86)和混合感染率2.33%(2/86)。夏季单纯细菌感染率3.23%(2/62),单纯病毒感染率8.06%(5/62)和混合感染率3.23%(2/62)。秋季单纯细菌感染率5.43%(5/92),单纯病毒感染率14.13%(13/92)和混合感染率3.26%(3/92)。冬季单纯细菌感染率7.27%(8/110),单纯病毒感染率16.36%(18/110)和混合感染率5.45%(6/110)。大肠埃希菌对氯霉素、四环素、氨苄西林、环丙沙星、甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲唑、头孢哌酮-舒巴坦和亚胺培南的耐药率分别为26.32%、36.84%、47.37%、15.79%、10.53%、0.00%和0.00%。沙门菌对上述抗生素耐药情况分别为18.18%、27.27%、45.45%、9.09%、9.09%、0.00%和0.00%。结论本研究中5岁以下儿童腹泻以病毒感染为主。母乳喂养和散居儿童感染少于混合喂养和托幼儿童。夏季患病率低于其他季节。大肠埃希Objective The etiological spectrum of diarrhea in children in Hebei Province and the tolerance of main pathogenic bacteria to commonly used antibiotics were investigated.Methods The case data of children under 5 years old in representative hospitals in Hebei Province from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the research objects.The samples were cultured and the colonies were identified by automatic biochemical identification instrument.The type of virus was detected by PCR.Result Pathogens were detected in 82 of 350 children,and the positive rate was 23.43%.Detection of pathogenic bacteria:19 strains of Escherichia coli,11 strains of Salmonella,2 strains of Campylobacter,1 strain of Shigella and 1 strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.Virus detection:Rotavirus 29 strains,norovirus 25 strains,adenovirus 5 strains,astrovirus 2 strains and zarovirus 2 strains.There were 48 cases of simple viral infection,21 cases of simple bacterial infection and 13 cases of mixed infection.The simple virus infection rate was 10.28%(11/107),the simple bacterial infection rate was 4.67%(5/107)and the mixed infection rate was 2.80%(3/107)in breast-feeding cases;the simple virus infection rate was 15.23%(37/243),the simple bacterial infection rate was 6.58%(16/243)and the mixed infection rate was 4.12%(10/243)in mixed feeding cases.The simple virus infection rate was 10.53%(18/171),the simple bacterial infection rate was 4.68%(8/171)and the mixed infection rate was 3.51%(6/171)in scattered children;the simple virus infection rate was 6.76%(30/179),the simple bacterial infection rate was 7.26%(13/179)and the mixed infection rate was 3.91%(7/179)in kindergarten children.The infection rate of simple bacteria was 6.98%(6/86),simple virus was 13.95%(12/86)and mixed infection was 2.33%(2/86)in spring.The infection rate of simple bacteria was 3.23%(2/62),simple virus was 8.06%(5/62)and mixed infection was 3.23%(2/62)in summer.The infection rate of simple bacteria was 5.43%(5/92),simple virus was 14.13%(13/92)and mixed infection was 3.2

关 键 词：儿童 腹泻病 病原体 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]