尿素水解产品气管道堵塞原因分析及防堵措施  

Reason analysis for blocking in pipeline of urea hydrolysis products and the anti-blocking measures

作　　者：邵华国 李清 朱文瑜 SHAO Huaguo;LI Qing;ZHU Wenyu(Hubei Energy Group Ezhou Power Generation Co.,Ltd.,Ezhou 436000,China;Chengdu Raise Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610091,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北能源集团鄂州发电有限公司,湖北鄂州436000 [2]成都锐思环保技术股份有限公司,四川成都610091

出　　处：《热力发电》2022年第6期154-158,共5页Thermal Power Generation

摘　　要：在尿素水解制氨过程中,产品气为NH_(3)、CO_(2)和水蒸气,其逆反应产生的氨基甲酸铵会对输气系统产生堵塞。为抑制氨基甲酸铵的产生,分析了氨基甲酸铵的成因,并给出了防堵措施。分析结果显示:产品气组分均为气相状态时,难以产生氨基甲酸铵;若产品气中水蒸气发生凝结而出现液相,会生成氨基甲酸铵;在一定温度下,压力越大氨基甲酸铵的生成率越高;为防止产品气中的水蒸气凝结,需要根据产品气温度调节其压力,并采取防止产品气温度降低的措施。在鄂州发电公司一二期项目的 2台600 MW和2台300 MW机组上,通过调整产品气压力可以有效避免回凝的产生,采用环状形供氨管道既能防止因流动死区和局部温度降低产生水蒸气的凝结,还能在故障情况下实现在不停车对压力管道的定期检查。实施上述举措后,有效保证了输氨系统的正常运行,对解决尿素水解产品气管道堵塞问题有很好的借鉴作用。As the reverse reaction occurred in urea hydrolysis production which included ammonia,carbon dioxide and steam during the process of urea hydrolysis,the ammonium carbamate was generated so that the phenomenon of blockage occurred in the transmission system of gaseous products.In order to inhibit the generation of ammonium carbamate,systematical research were carried out and the anti-blocking measures were proposed.The results show that,with the whole of components of urea hydrolysis products existed as gas state,it was difficult to generate the ammonium carbamate.If the steam condensed into liquid in urea hydrolysis production,it was easy to generate the ammonium carbamate.At certain temperatures,the yield of the ammonium carbamate increased with the pressure.The pressure should be adjusted according to the temperature of gaseous products,so as to prevent steam from condensing and the measures of preventing temperature drop needed to be applied.The pressure control and loop pipe measures were adopted in two 600 MW units and two 300 MW units in Ezhou Power Generation Company.It was demonstrated that,adjusting the pressure of pipeline could effectively avoid the steam condensation,using annular pipeline to supply ammonia could not only prevent steam from condensation because of local temperature drop and flow dead zone,but also realize checking of the pressure pipieline without stopping the car in the condition of failure.The above measures effectively guaranteed the normal operation of the ammonia transport system,which had a reference for solving the problem of blockage in pipieline of urea hydrolysis gaseous products.

关 键 词：尿素水解 氨基甲酸铵 回凝温度 压力调节 环状管道 

分 类 号：TM621[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]