将生物多样性纳入环境评价的国际经验与启示  

International Experience and Enlightenment on Integrating Biodiversity into Environmental Assessment

作　　者：杨轶婷 徐鹤[1,2] YANG Yiting;XU He(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China;Research Institute of Ecological Civilization,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300350 [2]南开大学生态文明研究院,天津300350

出　　处：《环境影响评价》2022年第3期5-11,共7页Environmental Impact Assessment

基　　金：贵州省重大专项课题(21GZZB15)。

摘　　要：将生物多样性纳入环境评价可以从源头避免生物多样性丧失,为规划、计划、政策的制定和项目的开发建设提供决策支持,是改善生物多样性的有效手段。本文从《生物多样性公约》出发系统分析了将生物多样性纳入环境评价的基本原则,以此为基础重点关注国际影响评估协会(IAIA)和欧盟的相关文件,分别梳理了将生物多样性纳入项目环境影响评价和战略环境评价的国际经验,阐述了环境评价不同阶段涉及生物多样性的主要问题、结果呈现形式以及可能使用的工具或方法,进一步结合我国生物多样性保护基础与当前形势,从推动将生物多样性纳入《中华人民共和国环境影响评价法》、完善配套技术导则与规范和开展试点工作三方面,提出未来推动我国将生物多样性纳入环境评价的政策建议。Integrating biodiversity into environmental assessment can avoid biodiversity loss from the source,provide decision support for planning,program,policy formulation,project construction,and is an effective means to biodiversity protection.Based on theConvention on Biological Diversity,this paper systematically analyzes the basic principles of integrating biodiversity into environmental assessment.On this basis,it focuses on the relevant documents of the International Association for Impact Assessment(IAIA)and the European Union,sorts out the international experience of integrating biodiversity into project environmental impact assessment and strategic environmental assessment respectively.The main issues related to biodiversity at different stages of environmental assessment,the presentation of results and possible tools or methods are described.Then,with the basis of biodiversity conservation in China and the current situation,policy suggestions for promoting the inclusion of biodiversity in environmental assessment in China are put forward from three aspects∶promoting the inclusion of biodiversity inEnvironmental Assessment Law of the People′s Republic of China,improving supporting technical guidelines and carrying out pilot work.

关 键 词：生物多样性 国际经验 环境评价 战略环境评价 

分 类 号：X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学]