山西省文倚村地权分配长期趋势研究(1713—1892)  

Research on the Long-term Trend of Land Rights Distribution in Wenyi Village,Shanxi Province(1713-1892)

作　　者：胡英泽[1] Hu Yingze

机构地区：[1]山西大学中国社会史研究中心,太原030006

出　　处：《中国经济史研究》2022年第3期15-30,共16页Researches in Chinese Economic History

基　　金：“山西省高等学校中青年拔尖创新人才支持计划”资助。

摘　　要：山西省文倚村保存了清代康熙、道光、同治、光绪四个不同朝代的鱼鳞册,是研究我国北方传统乡村地权分配及其长期趋势的珍贵资料。清代文倚村四个朝代以户为单位的地权分配基尼系数分别为0.585、0.530、0.549、0.572,反映了地权分配相对集中且长期稳定的特点。文倚村的地权分配除了诸子分家、土地交易等因素外,还受到村庄内部家户构成及其变化的影响。文倚村是一个具有开放性的多姓村庄,不同时期都有新增和消失的小姓业户,迁入、迁出的小姓业户与村庄的大姓业户进行土地交易,村庄大姓与小姓、老户与新户的地权分配形成一种动态的平衡,限制了地权分配的过度集中与分散,这对深化地权分配研究、认识北方传统乡村社会具有重要意义。Wenyi Village in Shanxi Province preserves Fish-Scales from the four different periods of Kangxi,Daoguang,Tongzhi and Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty which are precious materials for studying the distribution of land rights and their long-term trends in traditional rural areas in North China.The Gini coefficients of per household’rights distribution in Wenyi Village are 0.585,0.530,0.549 and 0.572 respectively in the Qing Dynasty,reflecting the relatively concentrated and long-term stable characteristics.The distribution of land rights in Wenyi Village is not only affected by factors such as family separation and land transactions,but also by the composition of households and its changes within the village.Wenyi Village is an open village with multiple surnames.There are small households that new appear or disappear in different periods.The small households who move in and move out conduct land transactions with the village’s large households.The distribution of land rights forms a dynamic balance between old households and new households,which limits the over-concentration and over-dispersion of land rights distribution.It is of great significance for deepening the research on land rights distribution and understanding the traditional rural society in the North China.

关 键 词：文倚村 鱼鳞册 地权分配 长期趋势 乡村社会 

分 类 号：F329[经济管理—产业经济] K249[历史地理—历史学]