通过福利国家实现的社会规约与国家治理--基于英、德、美三国实践的比较研究  

Social Control and State Governance Realized by Welfare State--Comparative Analysis and Theoretical Exploration based on the Practice of Britain,Germany and America

作　　者：陈兆旺 CHEN Zhaowang

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学哲学与法政学院,上海200234

出　　处：《学术月刊》2022年第5期82-94,共13页Academic Monthly

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“资本-福利-信息时代西方政治制度的困境与历史局限研究”(13&ZD035)的阶段性成果;上海师范大学“城市基层治理法治化与精细化”工作坊资助。

摘　　要：近代福利国家迅速发展,尾大不掉的重要原因就是福利国家可以在客观上起到的社会规约功能。英国工业化早期的济贫法体系,德意志帝国的社会保险立法,美国社会福利政策的社会界分等都具有很重要的社会规约功能,不少还具有社会强制性。但是,俾斯麦为了实现更好的社会规约而进行的社会保险立法为欧美绝大多数国家所逐步借鉴和采纳。在客观上,西方福利国家起到了良好的社会规约效果:通过福利国家能够实现对人口、信息、人口流动、国民财富等社会资源实现有效的社会规约和社会再分配。通过福利国家实现社会规约和整合功能,可以为我们的国家治理和社会治理所借鉴,只是需要对其具体方法做一定的优化和改进,进而有利于提升中国国家的治理水平和能力。The important reason for the rapid development and too big to be cut down of modern welfare state is that it can objectively play the role of social control. The Poverty Relief Law System in the early industrialization of Britain, the social insurance legislation of the Deutsches Reich, and the social stratification of the social welfare policy of the United States all have very important social integration functions, and many of them are also socially compulsory. However, Bismarck’s social insurance legislation in order to achieve better social control has been gradually adopted by most European and American countries. Objectively, the Western welfare state has played a good social control effect: through the welfare state, it can achieve effective social control and social redistribution of social resources such as population,information, population mobility and national wealth. Through the welfare state to achieve social control and integration function, we can learn from our national state and social governance, but the specific methods need to be optimized and improved to enhance the governance level and capacity of our country.

关 键 词：国家治理 福利国家 公民身份 社会规约 

分 类 号：D0[政治法律—政治学]