亚麻油与棕榈油混合添加比例对绒山羊瘤胃营养物质降解及脂类代谢相关酶活性的影响  

Effect of mixed proportion of linseed oil and palm oil on rumen nutrient degradation and lipid metabolism related enzyme activities of cashmere goats

作　　者：闫俊峰 张娟 赵艳丽[1] 郭晓宇[1] 郭咏梅[1] 闫素梅[1] YAN Jun-feng;ZHANG Juan;ZHAO Yan-li;GUO Xiao-yu;GUO Yong-mei;YAN Su-mei

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院动物营养与饲料科学自治区高等学校重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《饲料研究》2022年第5期1-5,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(项目编号:31760685)。

摘　　要：试验采用体外瘤胃培养法,研究亚麻油与棕榈油的不同配比对绒山羊的营养物质的降解、脂肪代谢相关酶活性、瘤胃微生物数量的影响。试验分为6组,每组6个重复。对照组(CON组)底物中不添加油脂,亚麻油组(LSO组)底物中添加亚麻油,棕榈油组(PMO组)底物中添加棕榈油,处理组为亚麻油与棕榈油混合复配油,在底物中分别添加2%不同配比的复配油,亚麻油与棕榈油比例分别为6∶4 (LP1组)、5∶5 (LP2组)、4∶6 (LP3组)。每组体外培养24 h。结果显示,与对照组相比,LSO组、LP1组显著降低了绒山羊体外瘤胃培养液中亨氏丁酸弧菌(B. hungatei)和蛋白分解丁酸弧菌(B. proteoclasticum)的数量(P<0.05),显著增加了白色瘤胃球菌(R. albus)、脂解厌氧弧杆菌(Anaerovibrio lipolytica)的数量(P<0.05);显著增强了脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)、激素敏感酯酶(HSL)、脂蛋白酯酶(LPL)、硬脂酰辅酶A脱氢酶(SCD)和超长链脂肪酸延长酶(ELOVL5)的活性(P<0.05);PMO组能够显著增加体外瘤胃液中R. albus、Anaerovibrio lipolytica的数量(P<0.05);显著降低了Δ-5脂肪酸脱氢酶(FADS1)和ELOVL5的活性(P<0.05);LSO组、PMO组显著降低了中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的体外瘤胃降解(P<0.05);LP1组能够降低油脂对NDF降解率的抑制作用,增加Ca的降解率。研究表明,亚麻油和棕榈油以6∶4混合添加能够增强瘤胃内脂类分解代谢、脂肪酸延长及去饱和有关的酶活性,削弱油脂对NDF降解率的抑制作用。In the experiment, in vitro rumen culture method was used to study the effect of different proportions of linseed oil and palm oil on nutrient degradation, lipid metabolism related enzyme activities and rumen microbial number of cashmere goats. The experiment consisted of six treatment groups with six replicates in each group. The control group(CON group) did not add oil in the substrate, the linseed oil group(LSO group) added linseed oil in the substrate, the palm oil group(PMO group) added palm oil in the substrate. Treatment groups added mixed linseed oil and palm oil, and 2% of mixture oil was added into the substrate, with the proportions of 6∶4(LP1 group), 5∶5(LP2 group) and 4∶6(LP3 group),respectively. Each treatment group was cultured for 24 h in vitro. The results showed that compared with control group, the quantities of B. Hungatei and B. Proteoclasticum in rumen medium in vitro of cashmere goats in LSO group and LP1 group were significantly reduced. The quantities of R. albus and Anaerovibrio lipolytica were significantly increased(P<0.05). The activities of FAS, ACC, MDH, HSL, LPL, SCD and ELOVL5 were significantly increased(P<0.05). PMO group could significantly increase the amounts of R.albus and Anaerovibrio lipolytica in rumen fluid in vitro(P<0.05). The activities of FADS1 and ELOVL5 significantly decreased(P<0.05), and LSO group and PMO group significantly reduced in vitro rumen degradation of NDF(P<0.05). LP1 group could reduce the inhibition of oil on NDF degradation rate and increase Ca degradation rate. The experiment indicates that mixed addition of linseed oil and palm oil at a ratio of 6∶4 can promote the activities of enzymes related to lipid catabolism, fatty acid lengthening and desaturation in the rumen, and weaken the inhibition of lipid on NDF degradation rate.

关 键 词：亚麻油 棕榈油 营养物质降解率 瘤胃微生物 脂肪代谢 

分 类 号：S827[农业科学—畜牧学]