磁控Plasma-FCAW水下复合焊工艺焊缝成形分析  

Analysis of weld forming in magnetically controlled Plasma-FCAW underwater hybrid welding process

作　　者：王波[1,2,3] 杨帆 李连波[4] 张洪涛 邓清文[2] WANG Bo;YANG Fan;LI Lianbo;ZHANG Hongtao;DENG Qingwen(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin,150001,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Special Welding Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai,Weihai,264209,China;Institute for Ship-welding Technology,Shandong Institute of Shipbuilding Technology,Weihai,264209,China;Offshore Oil Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin,300451,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学,先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨工业大学(威海),山东省特种焊接技术重点实验室,威海264209 [3]山东船舶技术研究院,威海264209 [4]海洋石油工程股份有限公司,天津300451

出　　处：《焊接学报》2022年第4期74-80,I0007,I0008,共9页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52175305);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY0366);中央引导资金(YDZX20203700003578);山东省自然基金项目(ZR2019PEE010)。

摘　　要：磁控等离子-药芯焊丝电弧复合焊(plasma-flux cored arc welding,Plasma-FCAW)作为一种新型水下高效焊接方法被提出,通过特殊焊炬结构设计实现了两种独立焊接工艺的优势互补.针对复合焊接工艺中由于电源极性不同引起的电弧排斥问题,设计了外部磁场用于调控两个电弧间的耦合程度,并研究了主要工艺参数对Q355B钢水下焊缝成形及其截面几何特征的影响.结果表明,施加的外部磁场能够有效改善复合焊接过程及焊缝成形的稳定性;药芯焊丝电弧焊(flux cored arc welding,FCAW)电压对水下复合焊接过程稳定性具有显著影响;等离子电流和FCAW电弧电压对焊缝熔深影响较大且等离子电流与熔深间呈近似线性关系;相比于水下FCAW工艺,复合焊工艺焊接熔深提升超过40%,具有更高的焊接效率和焊接稳定性.Magnetically controlled plasma-FCAW hybrid welding technology is proposed as a new efficient underwater welding method.The advantages of the two independent welding processes are complementary through the unique welding torch structure design.An external magnetic field was designed by regulating the coupling degree between two arcs for the problem of arc repulsion caused by different polarity of power supply in hybrid welding process to solve.The influence of main process parameters on the weld forming and section geometry characteristics of Q355 B steel was studied.The results show that the external magnetic field can effectively improve the stability of the hybrid welding process and weld forming.FCAW voltage greatly influences the stability of the underwater hybrid welding process.Plasma welding current and FCAW voltage greatly influence weld penetration,and the plasma current has an approximately linear relationship with weld penetration.Compared with the underwater FCAW process,the welding depth of the hybrid welding process is increased by more than 40%,with higher welding efficiency and welding stability.

关 键 词：Plasma-FCAW 水下复合焊 旁轴复合 磁场调控 焊缝成形 

分 类 号：TG444[金属学及工艺—焊接]