月壤样品研究进展  

Geological processes and products recorded in lunar soils:A review

作　　者：谷渊涛 杨瑞洪 耿焕 王倩 惠鹤九 Yuantao Gu;Ruihong Yang;Huan Geng;Qian Wang;Hejiu Hui(School of Environmental and Biological Engineering,Henan University of Engineering,Zhengzhou 451191,China;School of Geography and Ocean Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Lunar Exploration and Space Engineering Center,Beijing 100190,China;Lunar and Planetary Science Institute,School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工程学院环境与生物工程学院,郑州451191 [2]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,南京210023 [3]探月与航天工程中心,北京100190 [4]南京大学地球科学与工程学院,月球与行星科学研究所,南京210023 [5]中国科学院比较行星学卓越创新中心,合肥230026

出　　处：《科学通报》2022年第14期1579-1596,共18页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家国防科技工业局民用航天技术预先研究项目(D020206);江苏省博士后科研资助计划(2021K049A)资助。

摘　　要：月壤是研究无大气天体表面过程和月球演化的重要样品.自Apollo时代以来,月壤的相关研究如成因、组分及性质等均已取得了重要进展,并已对早期研究成果进行了详细总结和论述.随着嫦娥5号月壤样品的返回,关于月球样品的研究在我国获得前所未有的关注,亟需总结近年来月壤研究的重点领域及相关成果.本文基于月壤形成的过程,即继承的内部物质和遭受的外部改造,从月壤记录的太空风化作用和月球地质演化两方面综述了月壤研究的前沿成果.依据外部作用(太阳风、宇宙射线、陨石等)对月壤的改造,从以下四部分内容论述了太空风化作用对月壤组成的影响,即月壤中的水、挥发分、纳米相矿物、微陨石和陨石碎片.另一方面,月壤继承的月球内部物质均可用于月球演化研究,基于此总结讨论了全月壤、火山玻璃及岩屑的研究进展.最后,根据未来建设月球科研站的需要,从矿产资源、水和能源及月壤成型等方面概述了月壤资源利用的相关研究.通过总结月壤研究的主要成果,有助于发掘月球科学的前沿领域,为我国月壤样品的研究提供科学依据.Lunar soil is an important material to study the surface processes on airless bodies, and the geological evolution of the Moon. Since the Apollo era, considerable progresses in lunar soil research have been achieved, including the origin,composition, and properties of the soil. The results from early research have already been summarized and reviewed. With the lunar soil samples returned by the Chang’E-5 mission, all research concerning the Moon has drawn unprecedented attention in China. Therefore, it is timely to summarize the latest advances related to lunar soil research. The lunar soils represent the interior materials that were modified by external processes after formation. This paper reviews the latest achievements of lunar soil from two aspects: the space weathering and the lunar evolution. The space weathering of lunar soil includes the interaction between the soil on the Moon’s surface and the materials and energy(such as meteorites, solar wind, and cosmic rays) outside of the Moon, which has also recorded the evolution of the solar system. The effects of space weathering on the surface of the Moon are discussed with respect to the water, volatiles(carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine,sulfur, chlorine, and noble gas), nanophase minerals(np Fe and np Si Ox), and micrometeorites and meteorite fragments in lunar soil. The contents of water in lunar soil are much higher than those of basalt. However, the water in lunar soil is much more depleted in deuterium than that of basalt. This striking contrast suggests that hydroxyl in the lunar soil mainly results from the implantation of hydrogen ions in the solar wind. On the other hand, volatiles in lunar soil could have originated from various sources, including lunar interior, solar wind, cosmic rays, and even Earth wind. The contributions of the sources for each volatile are different, evidenced by the isotopic composition of the respective volatile. The np Fe grains in lunar soil can alter the surface optical spectra of the Moon. It has been demonstrated

关 键 词：月壤 太空风化作用 月球演化 月壤资源利用 

分 类 号：P184.5[天文地球—天文学] V476.3[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]