铜陵市393例职业性尘肺病死亡病例回顾性调查  

Retrospective investigation on 393 death cases of occupational pneumoconiosis in Tongling City

作　　者：张乾驰[1] ZHANG Qian-chi(Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Department,Tongling Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Tongling Anhui,24400,China)

机构地区：[1]铜陵市疾病预防控制中心职业病防治科,安徽铜陵244000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第8期1009-1011,1016,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的探讨铜陵市393例职业性尘肺病患者死亡原因及分布情况,为铜陵市防治职业性尘肺病提供依据。方法将铜陵市2014年1月—2021年3月的393例死亡病例依据ICD-10划分为呼吸系统疾病死因病例和非呼吸系统疾病死因病例,开展回顾性流行病学调查研究。结果393例死亡病例均为男性,平均死亡年龄为(80.13±7.40)岁,诊断时平均接尘工龄为(40.56±12.43)年,呼吸系统疾病死因病例死亡年龄高于非呼吸系统疾病死因病例,差异有统计学意义(t=3.84,P<0.01),2种死亡原因病例诊断时接尘工龄差异无统计学意义(t=1.33,P>0.05);死亡时间表现为冬春季节较为集中,壹期尘肺中呼吸系统疾病死因病例占比低于贰期和叁期尘肺病例,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.69,P<0.05);煤工尘肺病例死亡年龄低于其他类型尘肺,差异有统计学意义(F=24.20,P<0.01)。结论近年来铜陵市在尘肺病患者的治疗与康复上取得了一定的成果,但仍需在关破企业(关停和破产企业)尘肺病患者和相关尘肺病患者诊断政策上加强重视。Objective To investigate the cause of death and distribution of 393 occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Tongling City,provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of occupational pneumoconiosis in Tongling City.Methods According to ICD-10,the 393 death cases in Tongling City from January 2014 to March 2021 were divided into respiratory system death cases and non-respiratory system disease death cases,and the retrospective epidemiological investigation and analysis were conducted.Results All 393 death cases were male,the average age of death was(80.13±7.40)years old,and the average length of dust exposure was(40.56±12.43)years at the time of diagnosis.The death age of cases caused by respiratory diseases was higher than that of cases caused by non-respiratory diseases,and the difference was statistically significant(t=3.84,P<0.01).There was no statistically significant difference in the length of dust exposure at the time of diagnosis between the two death causes(t=1.33,P>0.05).The death time was more concentrated in winter and spring.The proportion of deaths caused by respiratory diseases in stageⅠpneumoconiosis was lower than that in stageⅡandⅢ,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=6.69,P<0.05).The death age of cases with coal worker’s pneumoconiosis was lower than that of cases with other types of pneumoconiosis,and the difference was statistically significant(F=24.20,P<0.01).Conclusion Tongling City has achieved certain results in the treatment and rehabilitation of pneumoconiosis patients in recent years,but it still needs to pay more attention to the pneumoconiosis patients in the closed and bankrupt enterprises and diagnosis policy of pneumoconiosis patients.

关 键 词：尘肺病 死亡病例 调查研究 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]