广州市某飞机维修库员工职业紧张现状及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of occupational stress and its influencing factors among workers in an aircraft maintenance depot in Guangzhou City

作　　者：陈琳[1] 冯玉超[1] 黄浪 刘移民[1] CHEN Lin;FENG Yu-chao;HUANG Lang;LIU Yi-min(Guangzhou 12th Peopled Hospital,Occupational Health Evaluation and Testing Center of Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Institute.Guangzhou Guangdong,510000,China;Office,Guangdong Provincial Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Institute,Guangzhou Guangdong,510000,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市第十二人医院广州市职业病防治院职业卫生评价检测中心,广东广州510000 [2]广东省职业病防治院办公室,广东广州510000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第8期1021-1025,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：广州市高水平临床重点专科建设项目(穗卫函[2019]1555号);广州市“121人才梯队工程”后备人才项目(穗卫科教[2015]3号);广州市卫生健康科技项目(20191A010037);广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(C2020093)。

摘　　要：目的调查广州市某飞机维修库员工职业紧张情况,并分析其影响因素。方法2020年4月,采用自行设计的问卷对广州市某飞机维修库员工基本情况进行收集,采用以工作付出-回报失衡紧张量表(effort-reward imbalance,ERI)为模型的职业紧张核心问卷评估职业紧张现状、中文版职业倦怠通用量表(maslach burnout inventory-general survey,MBI-GS)评估职业倦怠现状和健康问卷抑郁量表(patient health questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)评估抑郁症状,并对数据进行统计分析。结果本次共调查员工436名,检出有职业倦怠者21人,检出率为4.82%;检出有抑郁症状52人,检出率为11.93%;检出有职业紧张者93人,检出率为21.33%。职业倦怠在职业紧张和抑郁症状的关系中可能存在部分中介效应,中介效应对总效应的贡献率为33.472%。结论广州市某飞机维修库员工抑郁症状检出率及职业紧张检出率较高,企业应多关注员工心理状态,以减少员工职业紧张、职业倦怠,甚至抑郁症状的发生。Objective To investigate the occupational stress of the workers in an aircraft maintenance depot in Guangzhou City,analyze the influencing factors.Methods In April 2020,a self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the basic information of the workers of an aircraft maintenance depot in Guangzhou City.The occupational stress core questionnaire based on effort-reward imbalance(ERI)model was used to assess occupational stress status.The Chinese version of Maslach burnout inventory-general survey(MBI-GS)was used to evaluate job burnout status.The patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)was used to evaluate depression symptoms.The data were analyzed statistically.Results A total of 436 workers were investigated in this study,21 of whom were found to have job burnout,with a detection rate of 4.82%.52 workers were found to have depressive symptoms,and the detection rate was 11.93%.93 workers were found to have occupational stress,and the detection rate was 21.33%.The job burnout may have a partial mediating effect on the relationship between occupational stress and depressive symptoms,and the contribution rate of the mediating effect to the total effect was 33.472%.Conclusion The detection rates of depressive symptoms and occupational stress among the workers in an aircraft maintenance depot in Guangzhou City are higher,and the enterprise should pay attention to the psychological state of employees and reduce the occurrence of occupational stress,occupational burnout and even depressive symptoms of employees.

关 键 词：职业紧张 职业倦怠 ERI 抑郁症状 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]