中国中西部地区土壤和农产品中邻苯二甲酸酯污染特征及评价  

pollution characteristics and risk of phthalic acid esters in soils and agro-products in the Midwest areas of China

作　　者：冯艳红 应蓉蓉 王国庆 张亚 杜俊洋 林玉锁 FENG Yanhong;YING Rongrong;WANG Guoqing;ZHANG Ya;DU Junyang;LIN Yusuo(Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environmental Protection of China,Nanjing,210042,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control,Nanjing,210042,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042 [2]国家环境保护土壤环境管理与污染控制重点实验室,南京210042

出　　处：《环境化学》2022年第5期1591-1602,共12页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1801100,2018YFF0213402);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项;国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项项目(201409041,201409042)资助。

摘　　要：为评估不同地区农田土壤和农产品中邻苯二甲酸酯(phthalic acid esters,PAEs)风险,在江苏、陕西、河南、河北开展土壤-农产品(蔬菜和小麦)协同采样,共采集106对土壤-农产品样品,分析了土壤-农产品中PAEs化合物含量,并对其污染分布、污染程度进行了评价.结果显示,调查区土壤样品中6种PAEs化合物总浓度(∑PAEs)范围为33.70—895.53μg·kg^(-1),平均值为152.22μg·kg^(-1),检出率为100%.土样中邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(diethyl phthalate,DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯(di-n-butyl phthalate,DBP)、邻苯二甲酸丁基苄(benzyl butyl phthalate,BBP)、邻苯二甲酸(2-乙基已基)酯(di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate,DEHP)和邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯(di-n-octyl phthalate,DnOP)的检出率为100%,其中DBP、DEHP和BBP是调查区土壤中PAEs的主要组成部分,分别占∑PAEs总量的51.51%、25.74%和14.17%,三者之和占∑PAEs含量的93.1%;调查区的土壤中∑PAEs的平均含量大小顺序为陕西>江苏>河北>河南,与美国土壤6种优控的PAEs控制标准相比,DBP和邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(dimethyl phthalate,DMP)含量超过控制标准,超标率分别为18.9%和1.89%.蔬菜样品中∑PAEs含量范围为nd—241.87μg·kg^(-1),平均含量为63.22μg·kg^(-1),检出率为68.9%,其中DnOP和DEHP调查区蔬菜中PAEs的主要组成部分,分别占∑PAEs含量的26.27%和25.93%.基于食用农产品风险评估,调查区采集的农产品中PAEs无人体健康风险.To assess the risk of phthalic acid ester(PAEs)in soils and agro-products from different areas,106 pairs of soil-vegetables/wheat were collected from different areas including Jiangsu province、Shanxi province、Henan province and Hebei province.the concentration of PAEs in soils and agro-products were analyzed,and the pollution characteristic and pollution distribution were also evaluated.Result shows that PAEs were detected in all the analyzed soil samples;the total concentrations of six PAEs compounds(∑PAEs)in soil samples in the survey area ranged from33.70 to 895.53μg·kg^(-1),with the average concentration being 152.22μg·kg^(-1).Among the six PAEs congeners,Diethyl Phthalate(DEP),Di-n-butyl Phthalate(DBP),Benzyl butyl phthalate(BBP),di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP)and Di-n-octyl phthalate(Dn OP)were detected in all soils samples and their detection rates were 100%.DBP,DEHP and BBP were the main components(93.1%)of∑PAEs in the soils,which accounting for 51.51%,25.74%and 14.17%of the totalΣPAEs.The average concentration of∑PAEs in soil of the survey areas was in the order of Shanxi province>Jiangsu province>Hebei province>Henan province.According to soil allowable concentration of phthalic acid esters compounds in USA,the concentration of DBP and DMP exceeded the control limits,and the over standard rates were 18.9%and 1.89%.Total PAEs concentrations ranged from zero to 241.87μg·kg^(-1) in agro-products,with the average concentration being 63.22μg·kg^(-1),and the detection rate was 68.9%.Dn OP and DEHP were the main components in agro-products,which accounted for 26.27%and 25.93%of the total∑PAEs.Based on the risk assessment of edible agro-products,the concentrations of PAEs in the agro-products of the survey area had no human health risk.

关 键 词：邻苯二甲酸酯 农产品 土壤 污染特征 健康风险 中国中西部地区 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X825