人工结构赝磁场的研究进展  

Advances in pseudo-magnetic field in artificial structures

作　　者：温辛花 邱春印[1] Xinhua Wen;Chunyin Qiu(School of Physies and Technology,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072.China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学物理科学与技术学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《科学通报》2022年第12期1223-1231,共9页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11890701)资助。

摘　　要：作为人工规范场,赝磁场可像真实磁场一样调控电子动力学,受到了广泛的关注.对于不与磁场响应或者与磁场弱响应的经典波系统,赝磁场提供了一种调控波场的新机制,带来了许多与真实磁场可类比的物理性质,如朗道能级、类量子霍尔效应等.特别地,声学、光学等人工结构材料具有结构可调、易于制备和表征等优良特性,为赝磁场的研究提供了优秀的平台.本文将介绍人工结构赝磁场的研究进展,重点关注赝磁场的构建以及相关的物理性质.Pseudo-magnetic fields(PMFs)are firstly proposed in stretched graphene systems,in which the electrons behave as they do in a real magnetic field.Physically,the mechanical strain results in a lattice deformation and changes the hopping strength between carbon atoms,and thus induces an effective vector potential by shifting the Dirac points at the Brillouin zone.The PMF opens the door to control quantum transport by mechanical means and to explore unprecedented physics in a high-field regime,thus has drawn widespread attention recently.Inspired by the realization of strain-induced PMF in graphene,the concept of PMF is introduced into classical wave(e.g.,optical and acoustic)systems using similar ways,because the strain tensor can also be written in the form of the vector potential within the tight binding approximation in classical wave systems.For classical wave systems that do not(or weakly)respond to external magnetic fields,the introduction of PMFs provides a new mechanism for controlling waves,and brings many physical properties analogous to those in real magnetic fields,such as Landau level quantization and quantum-Hall-like effect.Meanwhile,the macroscopic controllability enables the(optical or acoustic)artificial structure to provide an excellent macroscopic platform to explore PMFs and associated phenomena.In this review article,we introduce the recent progress of PMFs in artificial structures,especially on the construction routes of PMFs and related physical properties.The first classical PMF is realized in a triaxially deformed honeycomb photonic lattice,which consists of long dielectric waveguide arrays.Similarly,the PMF can be achieved in the other classical wave systems like microwave and acoustic systems by applying a triaxial strain field on the artificial structures or using the simulated strain effect by displacing the lattice sites.To simplify the experimental realization,a uniaxial strain field or deformation is proposed to realize the PMF in classical wave systems.Particularly,the microscopic c

关 键 词：人工结构 赝磁场 朗道能级 类量子霍尔效应 

分 类 号：O441.2[理学—电磁学]