对性侵儿童犯罪人实施化学阉割的本土化探索  

Localizing Chemical Castration of Child Sex Offenders in China

作　　者：姚建龙 Yao Jianlong

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院法学研究所

出　　处：《环球法律评论》2022年第3期22-37,共16页Global Law Review

基　　金：2020年度最高人民检察院检察理论研究重点项目“未成年人司法法基本问题研究”(GJ2020B16)的研究成果。

摘　　要：化学阉割实际只是一种已经较为成熟的通过激素药物治疗并辅以心理辅导达到降低性犯罪人再犯率的治疗措施。国外化学阉割主要适用于性侵儿童犯罪人,是刑事司法进化的结果,也有对儿童最大利益的考量,其虽不完美但是必要的选择。近年来,性侵未成年人犯罪在我国已成为广受关注的社会问题。刑法修正积极回应,呈现出严密惩治性侵未成年人犯罪法网,加重性侵未成年人犯罪处罚力度的特点。在现阶段,化学阉割的引入可行、必要且正当,其在有利于强化未成年人保护的同时,还能缓解性侵未成年人犯罪过度重刑化倾向。借鉴域外经验及结合本土实际,应当毫不迟疑地通过刑法修正案引入化学阉割,并更名为“药物治疗措施”,专门适用于性侵未成年人犯罪。In China,sexual assault on minors has become a public issue attracting extensive attention.The active response by the criminal law through its amendments in recent years has shown characteristics of making up gaps in laws combating crimes of sexual assaults on minors and imposing heavier punishment.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out an in-depth discussion on whether and how the public-opinion-called-for and controversial chemical castration should be localized in China.From historical and comparative perspectives,“castration”as a time-honored means of punishing and treating sex offenders,has developed from“surgical castration”to“chemical castration”under the appeal of modern humanism and questioning of its actual effect.Although its name is prone to controversies and misunderstanding,chemical castration is actually a relatively mature treatment measure by which hormone drug therapy is supplemented with psychological counseling to lower the recidivism rate of sex offenders.From a worldwide perspective,chemical castration has been set forth in legislation and applied in criminal justice,mainly to child sex offenders,in more than twenty countries.The legislation on chemical castration in these countries shows that the so-called voluntary application mode and the compulsory application mode differ only in the method and degree of compulsion.As for the localization of chemical castration in China,it is necessary to make a four-dimensional consideration of its legitimacy,feasibility,effectiveness,and necessity.Chemical castration is the result of the evolution of criminal justice from barbarism to civilization,and it is also a rightful choice that may be imperfect but necessary based on the principle of the best interests of minors.Its advantages such as maturity in technology,economy in cost,and excellent effect in preventing sex offences have been proved by foreign practice and research in the past a hundred years.The severe situation of sexual assaults on minors in recent years has also shown an urge

关 键 词：化学阉割 性侵未成年人 儿童最大利益原则 药物治疗措施 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]