中草药添加剂对泌乳期荷斯坦奶牛生产性能、牛乳品质、体细胞数、免疫功能及激素水平的影响  

Effect of Chinese herbal medicine additives on production performance,milk quality,somatic cell count,immune function and hormone levels of lactating holstein dairy cows

作　　者：李静辉[1] 崔莹[1] 孔婉莹 洪瑜 李慧 马德志[1] 张可勇[1] 刘吉成[1] LI Jing-hui;CUI Ying;KONG Wan-ying;HONG Yu;LI Hui;MA De-zhi;ZHANG Ke-yong;LIU Ji-cheng

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔医学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《饲料研究》2022年第7期22-26,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：齐齐哈尔市科技计划联合引导项目(项目编号:LHYD-2021013);国家自然科学基金(项目编号:82174207)。

摘　　要：试验研究日粮中添加复方中草药对泌乳期荷斯坦奶牛产奶量、血清生化指标及免疫功能的影响。选取80头体况、预产期、胎次、年龄、体重、泌乳日、产奶量相近、健康状况相近的荷斯坦奶牛,采用全随机试验设计,分为4组,每组20个重复,每个重复20头奶牛。对照组奶牛饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组分别添加100、200、300 g/d中草药添加剂。预试期1 w,正式试验期8 w。结果显示,饲料中添加不同剂量的中草药饲料添加剂,奶牛的采食量及泌乳量均显著升高(P<0.05);牛奶中乳脂率及体细胞数明显降低(P<0.05),乳蛋白率显著提升(P<0.05),牛奶乳品质得到明显改善。奶牛血清中激素指标催乳素(PRL)、四碘甲状腺原氨酸(T4)、促生长素(GH)含量显著升高(P<0.05)。免疫球蛋白G (IgG)、免疫球蛋白A (IgA)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)含量均明显升高(P<0.05),白细胞介素-1β (IL-1β)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。研究表明,200~300 g/d中草药饲料添加剂可以有效提高泌乳期奶牛的采食量、产奶量,改善乳品质,降低体细胞数,改善泌乳期奶牛免疫功能及激素水平。The experiment was conducted to study the effect of compound Chinese herbal medicine on milk yield, serum biochemical indices and immune function of lactating Holstein dairy cows. 80 Holstein dairy cows with similar body condition, expected date of delivery, parity, age, body weight, lactation date, milk yield and health status were selected and divided into four groups using a fully randomized design, with 20 replicates in each group and one cow in each replicate.The dairy cows in control group were fed with basal diet, and the experimental group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ were fed with 100, 200 and 300 g/d Chinese herbal medicine additive, respectively. The prefeeding period was 1 w, and the normal feeding period was 8 w. The results showed that feed intake and milk yield of dairy cows were significantly increased by adding different doses of Chinese herbal medicine feed additives(P<0.05). Milk fat percentage and somatic cell number in milk were significantly decreased(P<0.05), milk protein percentage was increased(P<0.05), milk quality was obviously improved. The content of hormone indexes prolactin(PRL), tetraiodothyronine(T4) and growth promoting hormone(GH)in serum of dairy cows was significantly increased(P<0.05). The content of IgG, IgA and IL-2 was significantly increased(P<0.05), while the content of IL-1β was significantly decreased(P<0.05). The experiment indicates that 200~300 g/d Chinese herbal feed additives can effectively improve feed intake and milk yield, improve milk quality, reduce somatic cell number, and improve immune function and hormone levels of lactating cows.

关 键 词：中草药添加剂 产奶量 乳成分 体细胞数 免疫功能 激素水平 奶牛 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]