塑料的增韧机理  

Toughening Mechanism of Plastics

作　　者：张会轩[1] 鲍晓野[1] 杨海东[1] 

机构地区：[1]长春工业大学化学工程学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《长春工业大学学报》2002年第B08期77-79,共3页Journal of Changchun University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20074038)

摘　　要：用低胶ABS树脂与PVC树脂共混,制得了增韧PVC。用扫描电子显微镜研究了增韧机理,发现冲击断面周围应力发白区域内发生了空洞化,由此提出PVC的增韧机理是橡胶粒子的空洞化引发塑料基体的剪切屈服。这种增韧机理可以用Ludwik Davidenkov Orowan脆韧转变假说和Orowan的刻痕效应理论来解释。这种增韧机理可能具有一定的普遍性,适用于大多数塑料品种的增韧。Toughened PVC was prepared by blending PVC resin with low rubber content ABS resin. The toughening mechanism was studied by SEM, it was found that cavitation is formed in the stresswhitened area near the fracture surface. Therefore it is proposed that the toughening mechanism of PVC is cavitationinduced shear yielding. This mechanism can be explained by LudwikDavidenkovOrowan's brittletough transition theory and Orowan's notch effect theory. This toughening mechanism may be applicable to most kinds of toughened plastics. 

关 键 词：塑料 增韧机理 屈服形变 高分子合金 Ludwik-Davidenkov-Orowan脆韧转变假说 刻痕效应理论 

分 类 号：O631.11[理学—高分子化学]