导种环槽U型孔组合型轮式前胡排种器设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Wheel Seed Metering Device with Guide Ring Groove Combining U-hole for Radix peucedani

作　　者：方梁菲[1,2] 曹成茂 秦宽[1,2] 葛俊 FANG Liangfei;CAO Chengmao;QIN Kuan;GE Jun(College of Engineering,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery and Equipment,Hefei 230036,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学工学院,合肥230036 [2]安徽省智能农机装备工程实验室,合肥230036

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2022年第4期21-32,51,共13页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：安徽省高校自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2019A0172);安徽省农业竞争力提升科技行动项目(AHSJXY202034060014)。

摘　　要：为推进中草药前胡全程机械化生产,解决前胡种植环节无适用播种装置问题,设计一种导种环槽U型孔组合轮式排种器。阐述播种装置及排种器的结构和工作原理,依据前胡种子的外形特征及主要物理力学参数,分析得出排种器关键结构参数及工作参数,构建充种和排种过程中前胡种子颗粒群的力学模型。应用离散元软件EDEM对排种器的排种性能进行仿真优化试验,研究U型孔深度、U型孔宽度和导种环槽倾角对平均播种量和排种均匀性变异系数的影响,采用Box-Behnken响应面优化法进行三因素三水平正交仿真试验,得到U型孔深度为4.65 mm、U型孔宽度为13.63 mm、导种环槽倾角为47.01°时,平均播种量和排种均匀性变异系数分别为0.199 g/s和12.37%。以排种轮转速、种层初始充填高度为试验因素,以行内排种均匀性变异系数、总排量稳定性变异系数、各行排量一致性变异系数为试验指标,进行供种性能两因素五水平二次回归正交旋转组合台架试验。台架优化试验结果表明,排种轮转速为25.69 r/min、种层初始充填高度为46.70 mm时,行内排种均匀性变异系数、总排量稳定性变异系数、各行排量一致性变异系数分别为18.62%、1.60%、2.96%,排种器工作性能最佳。田间试验表明,作业速度为1.2 km/h时,测得行内排种均匀性变异系数、总排量稳定性变异系数、各行排量一致性变异系数分别为22.54%、1.95%、3.66%,排种性能较好。该研究可为扁平不规整外形作物种子排种器设计提供参考。In order to promote the whole mechanized production of Chinese herbal medicine and solve the problem of no suitable sowing device in the Radix peucedani planting,a kind of wheel seed metering device with guide ring groove combining U-hole was proposed.The structure and working principle of the planter and seed metering device were described.The key structural and working parameters of seed metering device were analyzed according to the shape characteristics and main physical and mechanical parameters of Radix peucedani seed.The mechanical model of seed particle group during seed filling and seed supplying was established.The performance of seed metering device was simulated and optimized by using discrete element software EDEM.The influence of U-hole depth,U-hole width and seed guide ring dip angle on average sowing amount per second and the variation coefficient of seed row uniformity were studied.Box-Behnken response surface optimization method was adopted to carry out three-factor and three-level orthogonal simulation experiment.The average sowing amount per second and variation coefficient of seeding uniformity were 0.199 g/s and 12.37%,respectively,when the U-hole depth was 4.65 mm,U-hole width was 13.63 mm,and the seed guide ring dip angle was 47.01°.A two-factor and five-level quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combined bench test of seed supplying performance was carried out.The test factors were set as the rotation speed of seeding wheel and the initial filling height of seed layer.The test indexes were variation coefficient of uniformity of seeding in row,variation coefficient of total seeding stability,variation coefficient of seeding amount uniformity in each row.Bench test results showed that seed metering device had the best performance when the rotation speed of seeding wheel was 25.69 r/min and the initial filling height of seed layer was 46.70 mm,and variation coefficient of uniformity of seeding in a row,variation coefficient of total seeding stability and variation coefficient of seeding

关 键 词：排种器 前胡 导种环槽 U型孔 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]