基于植物介电特性的茎干含冰量检测方法与仪器设计  

Method and Instrument Design for Stem Ice Content Detection Based on Plant Dielectric Properties

作　　者：田昊 赵燕东[2] 谢涛[1] 于重重[1] TIAN Hao;ZHAO Yandong;XIE Tao;YU Chongchong(School of Artificial Intelligence,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China;School of Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学人工智能学院,北京100048 [2]北京林业大学工学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2022年第4期235-244,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：北京工商大学青年教师科研启动基金项目(QNJJ202237);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0600901)。

摘　　要：针对木本植物越冬期茎干冻结信息难以原位、在线监测的问题,本研究依据茎干冻结过程中水冰比例变化与茎干阻抗的关系,研制茎干体积含冰量的原位、在线检测传感器。驻波测量频率及电路仿真结果表明,采用100 MHz信号激励源,电路能够有效表征茎干阻抗中电抗分量的变化;植物冻结过程中的阻抗变化分析表明,基于茎干阻抗变化表征体积含冰量的变化是可行的;探头电磁空间分布仿真结果表明,传感器有效测量区域为0~10 cm;静动态特性分析表明,传感器测量范围为0~100%,分辨率为0.05%,测量精度为±1.76%,稳定性良好,动态响应时间为0.172 s,功耗为0.25 W;室内外实验表明,传感器可以有效追踪茎干内体积含冰量的动态变化及受冻害胁迫程度,反映植物越冬期水冰转化的日周期生理特征,可为植物含冰量监测和不同纬度下人工林的抚育提供技术支撑。To address the difficulty of in situ and online monitoring of stem freezing information during the overwintering period of woody plants,an in situ and online sensor for the detection of stem volume ice content was developed based on the relationship between the change of water-ice ratio and stem impedance during stem freezing.The results of standing wave measurement frequency and circuit simulation showed that the circuit can effectively characterize the change of reactance component in stem impedance by using 100 MHz signal excitation source;the analysis of impedance change during plant freezing showed that it was feasible to characterize the change of stem volume ice content based on the change of stem impedance.Probe electromagnetic spatial distribution simulation results showed that the sensor effective measurement area was 0~10 cm;static and dynamic characteristics analysis showed that the sensor measurement range was 0~100%,resolution was 0.05%,measurement accuracy was±1.76%,and it had good stability,the dynamic response time was 0.172 s,and power consumption was 0.25 W.The indoor and outdoor experiments showed that the sensor can effectively track the dynamic changes of stem volume ice content in the stem and the degree of freezing stress,reflect the physiological characteristics of the daily cycle of water-ice transformation during the overwintering period of plants,and it provided technical support for the monitoring of plant ice content and the cultivation of plantation forests under different latitudes.

关 键 词：冻害胁迫 茎干含冰量 介电特性 驻波率 静动态特性 

分 类 号：S237[农业科学—农业机械化工程]