美军延安观察组与中共对美外交的转变  被引量:6

The U.S.Yan’an Observation Group and the Transformation of CPC Diplomacy toward the U.S.

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作  者:侯中军[1,2] Hou Zhongjun

机构地区:[1]中国社会科学院大学历史学院 [2]中国社会科学院近代史研究所

出  处:《中共党史研究》2022年第2期47-63,共17页CPC History Studies

基  金:国家社科基金中国历史研究院重大历史问题研究专项重大招标项目“新民主主义革命史”(LSYZD21012)的阶段性成果。

摘  要:美军延安观察组得以成行,是抗战后期盟国对日作战形势发展的结果,出于中共与美方共同的需要。中共有意通过观察组与美国高层建立直接的联系渠道,并非仅限于军事合作。美国决策层旨在彻底击垮日本,是否军事援助中共取决于对日作战战略。随着美军确定跨岛进攻的战略以及苏联将加入对日作战,尽管中共仍可提供军事帮助,但并非不可或缺。美国最终在国共两党之间选择了国民党,因对日作战需要而开启的双方外交活动,因政治原因被美方中止。The visit of the U.S. Yan’an Observation Group was the result of the development of the Allied countries’ struggle against Japan in the later period of the Anti-Japanese War and the common needs of the CPC and the U.S. The CPC intended to establish a direct channel for contacts, not only for military cooperation, with senior U.S.officials via the observation group. The aim of American policy makers was to completely defeat Japan, and whether America would supply military aid to the CPC depended on the U.S.war strategy against Japan. As the U.S.military established a cross-island offensive strategy and the Soviet Union joined in the war against Japan, military help to the CPC, though still available, was not indispensable. When the U.S.had to choose between the Kuomintang and the CPC, it chose the Kuomintang. The diplomatic activities at the start of the war against Japan were eventually suspended by the U.S.for political reasons.

关 键 词:美军观察组 抗日战争 中共外交 

分 类 号:D231[政治法律—政治学] K265[政治法律—中共党史]

 

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