观赏草花贵阳引种鉴选评价体系构建与应用  

Construction and Application of Evaluation System for Introduction and Selection of Ornamental Grass and Flowers in Guiyang

作　　者：杨胜俊[1] 唐玲涵 赵厚涛 杨跃虎[1] 田应庄 江锦平 石乐娟[1] YANG Shengjun;TANG Linghan;ZHAO Houtao;YANG Yuehu;TIAN Yingzhuang;JIANG Jinping;SHI Lejuan(Guizhou Institute of Horticulture,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;Guiyang City Greening Management Office,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Zhenyuan County,Zhenyuan,Guizhou 557700,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省园艺研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]贵阳市城市绿化管理处,贵州贵阳550006 [3]镇远县农业农村局,贵州镇远557700

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2022年第6期85-93,共9页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划项目“贵州常用草本花卉优新品种鉴选、栽培及生态安全评价”[黔科合支撑(2018)2303];贵阳市蔬菜种植资源研究中心建设项目[筑科合同(2021)5-1];贵州省农业科学院青年基金项目[黔农科院青年科技基金(2020)11]。

摘　　要：【目的】构建适宜贵阳气候的观赏草花引种鉴选评价体系,筛选适宜贵阳地区引种栽培的观赏草花优良品种,为贵州省丰富园林绿化植物种类和指导良种的选择提供理论依据。【方法】从观赏性、适应性及生长性3个方面构建观赏草花贵阳引种鉴选评价体系,以整株观赏性、花序观赏性、叶片观赏性、全年观赏时间、耐涝性、耐热性、耐寒性、耐旱性、耐贫瘠、抗病虫能力、管理难易度、生长状况、叶片覆盖度、繁殖能力为评价指标,运用层次分析法(AHP)对引进的超级海棠、香雪球等36种观赏草花进行评价分析。【结果】构建观赏草花综合层次结构各矩阵的CR<0.1,均通过一致性检验,构建的判断矩阵合理。14个评价指标中权重排在前5位的是整株观赏性、全年观赏时间、生长状况、叶片观赏性、抗病虫能力和管理难易度,其对观赏草花品种综合评价影响较大。据综合指数将36种观赏草花分为3个等级:Ⅰ级有金叶石菖蒲、针茅马尾草等13种,观赏性价值高、适应性强、管理较粗放,可在贵阳大量用于园林绿化景观;Ⅱ级有棕红苔草、玲珑芒等21种,观赏性价值高、适应性较强、日常管理需加强,可适当用于园林绿化景观;Ⅲ级有薰衣草、紫罗兰2种,观赏性价值相对较低、适应性低,不建议在贵阳地区大量应用。【结论】运用层次分析法可有效对观赏草花品种综合评价分级,评价结果与实际栽培应用表现基本一致,该体系可作为贵阳观赏草花引种鉴选评价体系。【Objective】In order to establish an evaluation system for the introduction, selection and cultivation of ornamental grass and flowers suitable for Guiyang climate, to screen the excellent varieties of ornamental grass and flowers suitable for introduction and cultivation in Guiyang, and to provide theory basis for enriching the landscape greening plants and guiding the selection of optimal varieties in Guizhou Province.【Method】The evaluation system of introduction and selection of ornamental grass and flower in Guiyang is constructed from three aspects: ornamental value, adaptability and growth status.The evaluation indexes are ornamental value of whole plant, inflorescence and leaf, ornamental time of whole year, tolerance to waterlogging, heat, cold, drought and barren, disease and insect resistance, management difficulty, growth status, leaf coverage and reproductive ability.The analytic hierarchy process(AHP) is used to evaluate and analyze 36 kinds of introduced ornamental grass and flowers. 【Result】CR in matrices from the constructed comprehensive hierarchy structure all are lower than 0.1, which all have passed the consistency check, and the constructed judgement matrix is reasonable.Among the 14 evaluation indexes, the weight of the ornamental value of whole plant, ornamental time in whole year, growth status, ornamental value of leaf, disease and insect resistance and management difficulty are the top 5,which have great impact on the comprehensive evaluation of ornamental grass and flower varieties.According to the comprehensive indexes, 36 kinds of ornamental grass and flowers are divided into three grades.There are 13 kinds of grass and flowers belong to grade I, which have high ornamental value, stronger adaptability and extensive management, and can be widely used in landscaping in Guiyang;There are 21 kinds of grass and flowers belong to grade II, which have high ornamental value, strong adaptability and need to be strengthened in daily management, and can be properly used in landscaping

关 键 词：观赏草花 层次分析法 评价体系 贵阳 贵州 

分 类 号：S688.3[农业科学—观赏园艺]