质子交换膜燃料电池低温停机研究综述  

Review on the Research of the Cold Stop for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

作　　者：顾荣鑫[1] 朱东[1] 杨彦博 马天才[1] Gu Rongxin;Zhu Dong;Yang Yanbo;Ma Tiancai(Tongji University,Shanghai 201804)

机构地区：[1]同济大学,上海201804

出　　处：《汽车技术》2022年第6期1-13,共13页Automobile Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52077157)。

摘　　要：系统总结了质子交换膜燃料电池低温停机条件下的损伤机理以及除水方法。冷冻/解冻循环试验研究表明,湿润条件下的低温启停循环会导致气体扩散层的纤维断裂、粘结剂分离,微孔层的疏水涂层团聚和脱落,催化剂层的裂缝生长、界面分层以及活性面积下降,并造成电池性能下降以及寿命缩短。停机除水是有效的损伤缓解方法,其中基于高频阻抗的快速吹扫因其效率高、操作简单成为车用的主要方法,但高频阻抗弛豫限制了除水效率以及边界的确定,完善水含量的表征方法将是低温停机的主要研究方向。This paper summarized the damage mechanism and water removal methods of proton exchange membrane fuel cells during cold stop systematically.Freeze/thaw cycling results show that under the wet condition,cold start/stop cycling leads to the degradation of performance and lifetime with fiber fracture,separation between binder and fiber of gas diffusion layer,agglomeration and exfoliation of hydrophobic coating from microporous layer,the crack growth,delamination of catalyst layer.Water removal during cold stop is considered to be an effective mitigation method.Fast gas purge based on high frequency impedance has become the main method for vehicle because of its high efficiency and simplicity of operation.However,high frequency impedance relaxation limits the efficiency of water removal and the determination of the boundary.Improving the characterization method of water content will be the main research direction of cold stop.

关 键 词：质子交换膜燃料电池 低温停机 冷冻/解冻循环 损伤机理 吹扫 高频阻抗弛豫 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]