无患子优树种实表型及子代生长性状变异特征  

Fruit and Seed Phenotype Variations of Sapindus mukorossi Plus-tree and Growth Trait Variations of Their Progenies

作　　者：李永祥 邵文豪[1] 姜景民[1] 黄世清 张永志 Li Yongxiang;Shao Wenhao;Jiang Jingmin;Huang Shiqing;Zhang Yongzhi(Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,P.R.China;Anji Longshan Forest Farm)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,杭州311400 [2]安吉县龙山林场

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2022年第5期13-19,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项子课题(2019FY100803-02);浙江农业(林木)新品种选育重大科技专项子课题(2021C02070-3-3)。

摘　　要：以保存于安吉县龙山林场的国家林木种质资源库的39个无患子优树无性系为研究对象,通过分析种实各表型性状、子代苗期生长性状的均值、变异系数以及相关性,并计算苗高和地径性状的遗传力和遗传增益,筛选子代生长表现优良的优树无性系。结果表明:无患子优树无性系种实表型性状间差异显著,种实质量性状变异系数大于其形态性状,子代生长性状变异系数大于种实质量性状。种实各表型性状间、子代苗高与地径性状间均存在极显著正相关(P<0.01),种实各表型性状与子代生长性状间均无显著相关性。子代苗高与地径性状遗传力分别为96.09%和93.23%,以10%入选率选择时,子代苗高和地径性状遗传增益分别高达39.97%、27.51%,以20%入选率选择时,子代苗高和地径性状遗传增益分别高达35.10%、25.59%。无患子优树无性系种实表型及子代生长性状均存在丰富的变异,但两者性状之间无显著相关性,根据子代生长性状差异以及遗传增益估算,选择出子代生长表现优良的优树无性系为SM322号、SM36号、SM331号、SM312号。With 39 Sapindus mukorossi plus-tree clones collected and preserved in the Sapindus National Forest Tree Germplasm Resource Bank of Longshan Forest Farm in Anji County,we analyzed their fruit and seed phenotype and the variation of their progeny seedling growth traits,and selected plus-tree clones with excellent progeny growth performance.By analyzing the mean value,the coefficient of variation,and the correlation from fruit and seed phenotypic traits and the growth traits of their progenies at the seedling stage,we calculated the heritability and genetic gain of seedling height and ground diameter traits to select excellent plus-tree clones.There are significant differences in fruit and seed phenotypic traits of S.mukorossi plus-tree clones,the variation coefficient of fruit and seed quality traits is greater than its morphological traits,and the variation coefficient of progeny growth traits is greater than fruit and seed quality traits.There is a very significant positive correlation among all phenotypic traits of fruit and seed,and between the seedling height and the ground diameter traits of their progenies(P<0.01).However,there is no significant correlation between the phenotypic traits of fruit and seed and the growth traits of their progenies.The heritability of seedling height and ground diameter traits of the progeny are both high,96.09%and 93.23%,respectively;and by selecting with a 10%and 20%selection rate,the genetic gains of seedling height and ground diameter traits in the progeny are as high as 39.97%,27.51%and 35.10%,25.59%,respectively.There are rich variations in fruit and seed phenotype trait and their progenies growth trait of S.mukorossi plus-tree clones,but there is no significant correlation between the two traits;from the analysis of the growth traits of the progeny and the estimation of genetic gain,four plus-tree clones with excellent progeny growth performance were selected including SM322,SM36,SM331 and SM312.

关 键 词：无患子 优树 种实表型 子代生长性状 变异 遗传增益 

分 类 号：S722.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]