不同配置的多功能水土保持植被对黑土抗侵蚀特征的影响  

Effects of Multifunctional Soil and Water Conservation Vegetation with Different Configurations on Erosion Resistance Characteristics of Black Soil

作　　者：周桐 潘鹤 张扬[2] 韩少杰[2] 鲍鸿君 陈祥伟[2] 夏祥友[1] Zhou Tong;Pan He;Zhang Yang;Han Shaojie;Bao Hongjun;Chen Xiangwei;Xia Xiangyou(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,P.R.China;Chifeng Hongshan Suburban Forest Farm)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040 [3]赤峰市红山区城郊林场

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2022年第5期100-104,111,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1500705);黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划项目(GA20B401);中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目(2572020DR02)。

摘　　要：以2014年在黑龙江省拜泉县(125°30′~126°31′E,47°20′~47°55′N)建立的“银中杨(Populus alba×P.berolinensis)+东风菜(Aster scaber)”、“银中杨+大叶芹(Pimpinella brachycarpa)”、“银中杨+老山芹(Ostericum sieboldii)”、“银中杨+龙牙楤木(Aralia elata)”4种配置的多功能水土保持植被样地土壤为研究对象,以传统水土保持植被银中杨纯林林地土壤为对照,以表层(0~10 cm)土壤粒径大于1.0 mm水稳性团聚体质量分数、平均质量直径、分形维数、水稳性指数、抗冲系数为评价指标,分析配置的多功能水土保持植被对黑土土壤抗侵蚀特征的影响。结果表明:与银中杨纯林相比,配置的“银中杨+东风菜”、“银中杨+大叶芹”2种多功能水土保持植被,不仅显著增加了土壤粒径大于1.0 mm水稳性团聚体质量分数、平均质量直径、水稳性指数,而且显著降低了团聚体分形维数(P<0.05);配置的“银中杨+老山芹”多功能水土保持植被,显著增加了土壤粒径大于1.0 mm水稳性团聚体质量分数、平均质量直径、水稳性指数(P<0.05);配置的“银中杨+龙牙楤木”多功能水土保持植被,仅显著增加了土壤水稳性指数(P<0.05)。配置的4种多功能水土保持植被土壤的抗冲系数,虽然与银中杨纯林相比均有所增加,但仅“银中杨+东风菜”土壤的抗冲系数显著提高(P<0.05)。综合研究结果表明,土壤的抗蚀性,是多功能水土保持植被对土壤抗侵蚀特征影响的主要评价指标;配置的“银中杨+东风菜”多功能水土保持植被,同时提高了土壤抗蚀性、抗冲性,具有较强的增强土壤抗侵蚀的能力。Four configurations of multifunctional soil and water conservation vegetation(Populus alba×P.berolinensis+Aster scaber,P.alba×P.berolinensis+Pimpinella brachycarpa,P.alba×P.berolinensis+Ostericum sieboldii 47°20′-47°55′N),Heilongjiang Province in 2014 was selected as the research object,and the pure stands of P.alba×P.berolinensis was used as the control.The content of water-stable aggregates with a particle size greater than 1.0 mm,mean weight diameter,fractal dimension,water stability index,and soil anti-scourability coefficient of surface soil(0-10 cm)were used as evaluation indicators,to analyze the effect of multifunctional soil and water conservation vegetation on the erosion resistance characteristics of black soil.The results showed that,compared with the pure stands of P.alba×P.berolinensis,P.alba×P.berolinensis+A.scaber and P.alba×P.berolinensis+P.brachycarpa not only significantly increased the mass fraction of water-stable aggregates with a particle size greater than 1.0 mm,mean weight diameter and water stability index,but also significantly decreased the fractal dimension of aggregates(P<0.05).P.alba×P.berolinensis+O.sieboldii significantly increased the content of water-stable aggregates with a particle size greater than 1.0 mm,mean weight diameter and water stability index(P<0.05).P.alba×P.berolinensis+A.elata only significantly increased the water stability index.Compared with the pure stands of P.alba×P.berolinensis,although the soil anti-scourability coefficient of the four multifunctional soil and water conservation vegetation configurations were all increased,only the soil anti-scourability coefficient of P.alba×P.berolinensis+A.scaber was significantly increased(P<0.05).The soil anti-erodibility is the main evaluation index for the influence of multifunctional soil and water conservation vegetation on soil erosion resistance characteristics,and P.alba×P.berolinensis+A.scaber has a strong ability to enhance soil erosion resistance by improving both soil anti-erodibility and

关 键 词：黑土 水土保持植被 银中杨 土壤抗蚀性 

分 类 号：S714.7[农业科学—林学] S157.2