FDM型3D打印设备双螺杆结构设计及流场特性分析  

Structure Design and Flow Field Characteristic Analysis of Twin Screw of FDM 3D Printing Equipment

作　　者：王小军[1,2] 秦望 贾仕奎 Wang Xiaojun;Qin Wang;Jia Shikui(College of Mechanical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723001,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Industrial Automation,Hanzhong 723001,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong723001,China;School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学机械工程学院,陕西汉中723001 [2]陕西省工业自动化重点实验室,陕西汉中723001 [3]陕西理工大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西汉中723001 [4]西安理工大学机械与精密仪器工程学院,西安710000

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2022年第6期92-98,共7页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51703121);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2021 JM-486);陕西省技术创新引导项目(2021QFY05-03);陕西省自然科学基金项目(2019 JM-267)。

摘　　要：针对现有熔融沉积(FDM)技术在耗材选用范围窄、成型分辨率低和喷头易堵塞等方面存在的明显局限性,提出了一种基于双螺杆挤压驱动式的熔融沉积型3D打印新方法。首先,分析新型成型设备的工作机理,提出一种适合桌面级FDM型双螺杆结构设计的方法,构建其参数化设计模型,完成双螺杆结构及打印系统的整体设计;其次,建立挤压系统与打印喷头之间的速度匹配模型;然后,以聚乳酸颗粒料为研究对象,采用有限元软件POLYFLOW,定性并定量分析物料在成型系统内的输送情况及流场分布特性;最后,结合理论分析与模拟研究,验证了速度匹配模型的准确性,实现了物料的定量定压挤出,得到了合理的双螺杆结构参数与最佳的成型工艺参数,即导程选24~36mm,转速为8~15r/min时物料挤压成型效果最好。In view of the obvious limitations of the existing fused deposition molding(FDM)technology in the selection range of consumables,low forming resolution and easy blockage of nozzle,a new melt deposition 3D printing method based on twin-screw extrusion driving was proposed.Firstly,the working mechanism of the new forming equipment was analyzed,a method suitable for the structural design of desktop FDM twin-screw was proposed,its parametric design model was constructed,and the overall design of twin-screw structure and printing system was completed.Secondly,the speed matching model between extrusion system and printing nozzle was established.Then,taking the polylactic acid granular material as the research object,the finite element software POLYFLOW was used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the transportation and flow field distribution characteristics of the material in the molding system.Finally,combined with theoretical analysis and simulation research,the accuracy of the speed matching model was verified,the quantitative constant pressure extrusion of materials was realized,the reasonable twin-screw structure parameters and the best molding process parameters were obtained,that is,the material extrusion molding effect is the best when the lead is 24-36 mm and the rotating speed is 8-15 r/min.

关 键 词：熔融沉积成型 螺杆挤压系统 速度匹配 流场特性 POLYFLOW 

分 类 号：TQ320.5[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]