聚乳酸降解行为和抗老化改性研究进展  

Research Progress on Degradation Behavior and Anti-Aging Modification of Polylactic Acid

作　　者：何晓莉 龚芮 杨秀英 唐娜 李正秋 张晓 He Xiaoli;Gong Rui;Yang Xiuying;Tang Na;Li Zhengqiu;Zhang Xiao(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China;Chengdu Xinjin Shifeng Medical Apparatus&Instrument Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 611438,China)

机构地区：[1]西华大学材料科学与工程学院,成都610039 [2]成都市新津事丰医疗器械有限公司,成都611438

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2022年第6期166-171,共6页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：四川省应用基础面上项目(2022YYJC0349);四川省科技厅成果转移转化项目(2020ZHCG0042);教育部春晖计划(192619);西华大学重点项目(Z17105);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202110650061);2022年“西华杯”大学生创新创业项目(No.69)。

摘　　要：研究了聚乳酸(PLA)的降解性能,简述了PLA在生物医用、食品包装和农业等领域上的应用,分别介绍了PLA体内降解、紫外降解、热降解、微生物降解的机理,综合分析了PLA大分子自身结构包括结晶度、分子量和立构规整度等和环境状况包括降解时所处温度、pH值、气液氛围和浓度因素等对PLA降解速率的影响,并提出了PLA抗老化改性的措施,采用共混改性、共聚改性、纳米结构改性以及其它改性方法可以实现PLA降解速率和降解性能的一定可控性。The degradation properties of polylactic acid(PLA)were studied,and its applications in biomedicine,food packaging and agriculture were summarized.The mechanisms of PLA degradation in vivo,UV degradation,thermal degradation and microbial degradation were introduced respectively.The influences of the structure of PLA macromolecules,including crystallinity,molecular weight and structural uniformity,and environmental conditions including temperature,pH value,gas-liquid atmosphere,and concentration,on the degradation rate of PLA were comprehensively analyzed.The anti-aging modification measures of PLA were put forward.The degradation rate and degradation performance of PLA can be controlled by blending modification,copolymerization modification,nano-structure modification,and other modification methods.

关 键 词：聚乳酸 体内降解 紫外光降解 热降解 生物可降解 改性 

分 类 号：TQ321[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]