农作物废弃物制备生物塑料研究进展  

Research Progress on Bioplastics from Agricultural Wastes

作　　者：程一洲 丁茜 吴铫 夏凡洪 佟格格 王诗佳 Cheng Yizhou;Ding Qian;Wu Yao;Xia Fanhong;Tong Gege;Wang Shijia(Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou 412007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学,湖南株洲412007

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2022年第6期172-176,共5页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(2020 JJ5129);湖南工业大学2020年度大学生创新创业训练项目。

摘　　要：简述了以农作物废弃物为原料制备生物塑料的研究现状,主要介绍了纤维素生物塑料、淀粉基生物塑料、蛋白质生物塑料和果蔬皮渣生物塑料的制备方法、综合性能与应用前景。指出农作物废弃物经过分类、提取和改性,可制备具有一定生物活性的生物塑料,为农业废弃物的高值化利用开辟新途径。与石油基塑料相比,农作物废弃物制备生物塑料具有可再生性、生物降解性和生物相容性等优点,但在生产成本和产品使用性能方面还存在差距。因此,寻找高效、安全的纤维素溶剂体系、发展生物塑料的高性能化技术以及降低生产成本是今后的重点研究方向。The research status of production of bioplastics from agricultural wastes were reviewed.The preparation method,comprehensive properties and application prospects of cellulose bioplastics,starch-based bioplastics,protein bioplastics as well as bioplastics from fruit and vegetable processing wastes were mainly discussed.Biodegradable bioplastics having certain biological activity are able to prepare through classification,extraction and modification,which opens up a new approach to high-value utilization of agricultural wastes.Compared with petroleum-based plastics,bioplastics from agricultural wastes have some advantages,such as renewability,biodegradability and biocompatibility.However,the production cost and performance characteristics of bioplastics are still inferior to those of petroleum-based plastics.Therefore,the future development trends of bioplastics from agricultural wastes are seeking for efficient and safe solvents for cellulose as well as developing high-performance and low-cost technologies.

关 键 词：农作物废弃物 可再生资源 生物塑料 生物降解 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]