从两极到三强:欧盟人工智能的全球竞争战略分析  

From Bi-polar to Tripartite:Analysis of EU's Strategy to Survive in Global Artificial Intelligence Competition

作　　者：施雯[1] 缪其浩[1] Shi Wen;Miao Qihao(Shanghai Library(Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of Shanghai),Shanghai 200031,China)

机构地区：[1]上海图书馆(上海科学技术情报研究所),上海200031

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2022年第6期179-188,共10页Forum on Science and Technology in China

摘　　要：人工智能已经成为当今国际竞争的关键领域,分析人工智能的发展态势和大国战略对赢得这场竞争至关重要。本文旨在研究该领域中普遍认为的美中两极格局将如何以及为何会走向美中欧三强的局面,运用文本分析法梳理欧盟人工智能“以人为中心”的人工智能竞争战略的实施意图、举措与前景,并从其主要竞争对手美国的相关反应评估其战略效果,推断战略中存在的薄弱环节与风险。研究发现:欧盟以伦理监管的先发优势实施“遏制型”战略参与竞争,令其在实现主导全球人工智能监管标准方面取得阶段性成功。本文基于欧盟研究,为中国人工智能竞争战略的制定与实施提供建言。Artificial intelligence(AI)has been the core area in the international competition in the current world.The analysis of the landscape of the AI development,and the strategies of big players must be a critical issue to win the competition.The paper is to study why and how the widely believed US-China bi-polar is going to be a tripartite situation.Competitive intelligence approach of text analysis is used to trace the intention,operation and trends of EU's human-centered AI strategy,assesses its achievements based on the response of the USA counterparts,and understands weakness and risks.The research finds that EU has consciously launched a containment strategy,tried to take the first-mover advantages in ethics and regulation,its intention to conducive to European dominance in building the global standard for AI has won a measured success.Finally the paper draws some illuminations from the case study for the designing and implementing of AI competitive strategy of China.

关 键 词：人工智能 伦理 监管 国家竞争 欧盟 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程] G353[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]